Optimal medical therapy with or without percutaneous coronary intervention in women with stable coronary disease: A pre-specified subset analysis of the Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive druG Evaluation (COURAGE) trial

Subroto Acharjee, Koon K. Teo, Alice K. Jacobs, Pamela M. Hartigan, Kulpreet Barn, Gilbert Gosselin, Jean Francois Tanguay, David J. Maron, William J. Kostuk, Bernard R. Chaitman, G. B.John Mancini, John A. Spertus, Marcin R. Dada, Eric R. Bates, David C. Booth, William S. Weintraub, Robert A. O'Rourke, William E. Boden

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

35 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives To determine whether sex-based differences exist in clinical effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) when added to optimal medical therapy (OMT) in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Background A prior pre-specified unadjusted analysis from COURAGE showed that women randomized to PCI had a lower rate of death or myocardial infarction during a median 4.6-year follow-up with a trend for interaction with respect to sex. Methods We analyzed outcomes in 338 women (15%) and 1949 men (85%) randomized to PCI plus OMT versus OMT alone after adjustment for relevant baseline characteristics. Results There was no difference in treatment effect by sex for the primary end point (death or myocardial infarction; HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.77-1.03 for women and HR, 1.02, 95% CI 0.96-1.10 for men; P for interaction =.07). Although the event rate was low, a trend for interaction by sex was nonetheless noted for hospitalization for heart failure, with only women, but not men, assigned to PCI experiencing significantly fewer events as compared to their counterparts receiving OMT alone (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.40-0.84, P <.001 for women and HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74-1.01, P =.47 for men; P for interaction =.02). Both sexes randomized to PCI experienced significantly reduced need for subsequent revascularization (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.62-0.83, P <.001 for women; HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.79-0.89, P <.001 for men; P for interaction =.02) with evidence of a sex-based differential treatment effect. Conclusion In this adjusted analysis of the COURAGE trial, there were no significant differences in treatment effect on major outcomes between men and women. However, women assigned to PCI demonstrated a greater benefit as compared to men, with a reduction in heart failure hospitalization and need for future revascularization. These exploratory observations require further prospective study.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)108-117
Number of pages10
JournalAmerican Heart Journal
Volume173
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 1 2016

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Funding

Dr John Spertus: owns the copyright to the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, consultant for United Healthcare, St. Jude Medical, Abbott Vascular and Genentech, research grant from Gilead.

FundersFunder number
Gilead Sciences
St. Jude Medical Center

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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