TY - JOUR
T1 - Optimizing behavioral and pharmacological smoking cessation interventions among people with HIV
AU - Himelhoch, Seth
AU - Kelly, Deana
AU - Defilippi, Chris
AU - Taylor, Gregory
AU - Bennett, Melanie
AU - Medoff, Deborah
AU - Li, Lan
AU - Christenson, Robert
AU - Potts, Wendy
AU - Shuter, Jonathan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
PY - 2024/4/1
Y1 - 2024/4/1
N2 - Background:People with HIV/AIDS (PWH) smoke at nearly three times the rate of the general population. Interventions to promote sustained quitting among PWH are urgently needed.Methods:Our study used a randomized factorial design to evaluate the effects of varenicline, compared with placebo, and behavioral cessation therapy, positively smoke free (PSF), compared with standard of care (SOC) among PWH who smoke. The study was designed with power to detect a small effect (Cohen's h of 0.28-0.36) with 240 participants. The primary outcome was the 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) confirmed by exhaled carbon monoxide (ECO) less than 10 ppm for both main effects at 36 weeks. The study was conducted from June 2016 to November 2020. During the study's last year, recruitment was halted because of COVID-19.Results:The study randomized 184 participants with power to detect a medium effect (Cohen's h of 0.41). Participants were mostly African American (89.7%), men (62.8%) who smoked mentholated cigarettes (96.7%). Nearly all received antiretroviral medication (96.2%). Quit rates for the entire sample were 7.5% at 36 weeks. Compared with those who received placebo, neither those who received varenicline [36 weeks; OR (95% CI), 1.31 (0.33-5.22), P = 0.70] nor PSF [36 weeks; OR (95% CI), 0.26 (0.03-2.44), P = 0.24) were more likely to quit smoking.Conclusion:Among an urban living, primarily African American sample of PWH who smoke neither varenicline nor PSF was found to be efficacious at 36 weeks. Our study was not powered to detect small effects sizes. Larger trials are needed to establish tobacco treatment standards for PWH who smoke.
AB - Background:People with HIV/AIDS (PWH) smoke at nearly three times the rate of the general population. Interventions to promote sustained quitting among PWH are urgently needed.Methods:Our study used a randomized factorial design to evaluate the effects of varenicline, compared with placebo, and behavioral cessation therapy, positively smoke free (PSF), compared with standard of care (SOC) among PWH who smoke. The study was designed with power to detect a small effect (Cohen's h of 0.28-0.36) with 240 participants. The primary outcome was the 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) confirmed by exhaled carbon monoxide (ECO) less than 10 ppm for both main effects at 36 weeks. The study was conducted from June 2016 to November 2020. During the study's last year, recruitment was halted because of COVID-19.Results:The study randomized 184 participants with power to detect a medium effect (Cohen's h of 0.41). Participants were mostly African American (89.7%), men (62.8%) who smoked mentholated cigarettes (96.7%). Nearly all received antiretroviral medication (96.2%). Quit rates for the entire sample were 7.5% at 36 weeks. Compared with those who received placebo, neither those who received varenicline [36 weeks; OR (95% CI), 1.31 (0.33-5.22), P = 0.70] nor PSF [36 weeks; OR (95% CI), 0.26 (0.03-2.44), P = 0.24) were more likely to quit smoking.Conclusion:Among an urban living, primarily African American sample of PWH who smoke neither varenicline nor PSF was found to be efficacious at 36 weeks. Our study was not powered to detect small effects sizes. Larger trials are needed to establish tobacco treatment standards for PWH who smoke.
KW - HIV
KW - randomized trial
KW - smoking cessation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85186504938&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85186504938&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003821
DO - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003821
M3 - Article
C2 - 38126353
AN - SCOPUS:85186504938
SN - 0269-9370
VL - 38
SP - 669
EP - 678
JO - AIDS
JF - AIDS
IS - 5
ER -