Origin, divergence, and phylogeny of epichloë endophytes of native Argentine grasses

Agustina Gentile; María Susana Rossi; Daniel Cabral; Kelly D. Craven; Christopher L. Schardl

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.01.008

Origin, divergence, and phylogeny of epichloë endophytes of native Argentine grasses

Agustina Gentile, María Susana Rossi, Daniel Cabral, Kelly D. Craven, Christopher L. Schardl

Plant Pathology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

77 Scopus citations

Abstract

The epichloë endophytes are systemic, constitutive, and often vertically transmitted fungal symbionts of grass species in subfamily Poöideae. Prior studies indicate that several asexual epichloë endophytes (Neotyphodium species) have evolved directly from sexual (Epichloë) species, whereas others evolved by hybridization between two or more endophyte species. In this paper, we investigate the phylogenies of 27 Neotyphodium spp. isolates from 10 native grass species (in 4 tribes) in 22 populations throughout Argentina. Relationships among these fungi and a worldwide collection of epichloë endophytes were estimated by phylogenetic analysis of sequences from variable portions (mainly introns) of genes for β-tubulin (tub2) and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1). Most of the Argentine endophyte isolates were interspecific hybrids of Epichloë festucae and E. typhina. Only one isolate was a hybrid of a different ancestry, and three isolates were apparently non-hybrid endophytes. These results indicate that interspecific hybridization, which promotes genetic variation, was common during the evolution of the endophytes of Argentine grasses.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	196-208
Number of pages	13
Journal	Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
Volume	35
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2005.01.008
State	Published - Apr 2005

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was supported by CONICET and Universidad de Buenos Aires grants, PRHIDEB-CONICET (Publication No. 159), and by the Harry E. Wheeler Endowment to the University of Kentucky. A.G. held a fellowship from the Universidad de Buenos Aires. D.C. and M.S.R. are members of the Carrera del Investigador Científico, CONICET, Argentina. Sequence analysis was conducted at the University of Kentucky Advanced Genetic Technologies Center, supported by USDA-CSREES Grants 2000-34431-8975 and 2001-34457-10343, and USDA-NRI Grant 2002-35311-11716. We thank A. Leuchtmann for supplying cultures from Switzerland and elsewhere in Europe. We are grateful to A.D. Byrd, W. Hollin, K.G. Lindstrom, M.V. Novas, and C. Slamovits for able assistance.

Keywords

Endophyte phylogeny
Epichloë
Hybrid fungi
Neotyphodium
Poaceae

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Molecular Biology
Genetics

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10.1016/j.ympev.2005.01.008

Cite this

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title = "Origin, divergence, and phylogeny of epichlo{\"e} endophytes of native Argentine grasses",

abstract = "The epichlo{\"e} endophytes are systemic, constitutive, and often vertically transmitted fungal symbionts of grass species in subfamily Po{\"o}ideae. Prior studies indicate that several asexual epichlo{\"e} endophytes (Neotyphodium species) have evolved directly from sexual (Epichlo{\"e}) species, whereas others evolved by hybridization between two or more endophyte species. In this paper, we investigate the phylogenies of 27 Neotyphodium spp. isolates from 10 native grass species (in 4 tribes) in 22 populations throughout Argentina. Relationships among these fungi and a worldwide collection of epichlo{\"e} endophytes were estimated by phylogenetic analysis of sequences from variable portions (mainly introns) of genes for β-tubulin (tub2) and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1). Most of the Argentine endophyte isolates were interspecific hybrids of Epichlo{\"e} festucae and E. typhina. Only one isolate was a hybrid of a different ancestry, and three isolates were apparently non-hybrid endophytes. These results indicate that interspecific hybridization, which promotes genetic variation, was common during the evolution of the endophytes of Argentine grasses.",

keywords = "Endophyte phylogeny, Epichlo{\"e}, Hybrid fungi, Neotyphodium, Poaceae",

author = "Agustina Gentile and Rossi, {Mar{\'i}a Susana} and Daniel Cabral and Craven, {Kelly D.} and Schardl, {Christopher L.}",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by CONICET and Universidad de Buenos Aires grants, PRHIDEB-CONICET (Publication No. 159), and by the Harry E. Wheeler Endowment to the University of Kentucky. A.G. held a fellowship from the Universidad de Buenos Aires. D.C. and M.S.R. are members of the Carrera del Investigador Cient{\'i}fico, CONICET, Argentina. Sequence analysis was conducted at the University of Kentucky Advanced Genetic Technologies Center, supported by USDA-CSREES Grants 2000-34431-8975 and 2001-34457-10343, and USDA-NRI Grant 2002-35311-11716. We thank A. Leuchtmann for supplying cultures from Switzerland and elsewhere in Europe. We are grateful to A.D. Byrd, W. Hollin, K.G. Lindstrom, M.V. Novas, and C. Slamovits for able assistance.",

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AU - Schardl, Christopher L.

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N2 - The epichloë endophytes are systemic, constitutive, and often vertically transmitted fungal symbionts of grass species in subfamily Poöideae. Prior studies indicate that several asexual epichloë endophytes (Neotyphodium species) have evolved directly from sexual (Epichloë) species, whereas others evolved by hybridization between two or more endophyte species. In this paper, we investigate the phylogenies of 27 Neotyphodium spp. isolates from 10 native grass species (in 4 tribes) in 22 populations throughout Argentina. Relationships among these fungi and a worldwide collection of epichloë endophytes were estimated by phylogenetic analysis of sequences from variable portions (mainly introns) of genes for β-tubulin (tub2) and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1). Most of the Argentine endophyte isolates were interspecific hybrids of Epichloë festucae and E. typhina. Only one isolate was a hybrid of a different ancestry, and three isolates were apparently non-hybrid endophytes. These results indicate that interspecific hybridization, which promotes genetic variation, was common during the evolution of the endophytes of Argentine grasses.

AB - The epichloë endophytes are systemic, constitutive, and often vertically transmitted fungal symbionts of grass species in subfamily Poöideae. Prior studies indicate that several asexual epichloë endophytes (Neotyphodium species) have evolved directly from sexual (Epichloë) species, whereas others evolved by hybridization between two or more endophyte species. In this paper, we investigate the phylogenies of 27 Neotyphodium spp. isolates from 10 native grass species (in 4 tribes) in 22 populations throughout Argentina. Relationships among these fungi and a worldwide collection of epichloë endophytes were estimated by phylogenetic analysis of sequences from variable portions (mainly introns) of genes for β-tubulin (tub2) and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1). Most of the Argentine endophyte isolates were interspecific hybrids of Epichloë festucae and E. typhina. Only one isolate was a hybrid of a different ancestry, and three isolates were apparently non-hybrid endophytes. These results indicate that interspecific hybridization, which promotes genetic variation, was common during the evolution of the endophytes of Argentine grasses.

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Origin, divergence, and phylogeny of epichloë endophytes of native Argentine grasses

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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