Overexpression of the Neurotrophic Cytokine S100β in Human Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

W. S.T. Griffin, O. Yeralan, J. G. Sheng, F. A. Boop, R. E. ak, C. R. Rovnaghi, B. A. Burnett, A. Feoktistova, L. J. Van Eldik

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

105 Scopus citations

Abstract

Abstract: Neuritic sprouting and disturbances of calcium homeostasis are well described in epilepsy. S100β is an astrocyte‐derived cytokine that promotes neurite growth and induces increases in levels of intracellular calcium in neurons. In sections of neocortex of surgically resected temporal lobe tissue from patients with intractable epilepsy, we found that the number of S100β‐immunoreactive astrocytes was approximately threefold higher than that found in control patients (p < 0.001). These astrocytes were activated, i.e., enlarged, and had prominent processes. Temporal lobe tissue levels of S100β were shown by ELISA to be fivefold higher in 21 epileptics than in 12 controls (p < 0.001). The expression of the astrocyte intermediate filament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, was not significantly elevated in epileptics, suggesting a selective up‐regulation of S100β expression. Our findings, together with established functions of S100β, suggest that this neurotrophic cytokine may be involved in the pathophysiology of epilepsy.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)228-233
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Neurochemistry
Volume65
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 1995

Keywords

  • Astrocyte
  • ELISA
  • Epilepsy
  • Glial fibrillary acidic protein
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • S100

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biochemistry
  • Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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