Parton distributions and lattice-QCD calculations: Toward 3D structure

Martha Constantinou, Aurore Courtoy, Markus A. Ebert, Michael Engelhardt, Tommaso Giani, Tim Hobbs, Tie Jiun Hou, Aleksander Kusina, Krzysztof Kutak, Jian Liang, Huey Wen Lin, Keh Fei Liu, Simonetta Liuti, Cédric Mezrag, Pavel Nadolsky, Emanuele R. Nocera, Fred Olness, Jian Wei Qiu, Marco Radici, Anatoly RadyushkinAbha Rajan, Ted Rogers, Juan Rojo, Gerrit Schierholz, C. P. Yuan, Jian Hui Zhang, Rui Zhang

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

116 Scopus citations

Abstract

The strong force which binds hadrons is described by the theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Determining the character and manifestations of QCD is one of the most important and challenging outstanding issues necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the structure of hadrons. Within the context of the QCD parton picture, the parton distribution functions (PDFs) have been remarkably successful in describing a wide variety of processes. However, these PDFs have generally been confined to the description of collinear partons within the hadron. New experiments and facilities provide the opportunity to additionally explore the transverse structure of hadrons which is described by generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMD PDFs). In our previous report Lin et al. (2018), we compared and contrasted the two main approaches used to determine the collinear PDFs: the first based on perturbative QCD factorization theorems, and the second based on lattice-QCD calculations. In the present report, we provide an update of recent progress on the collinear PDFs, and also expand the scope to encompass the generalized PDFs (GPDs and TMD PDFs). We review the current state of the various calculations, and consider what new data might be available in the near future. We also examine how a shared effort can foster dialog between the PDF and lattice-QCD communities, and yield improvements for these generalized PDFs.

Original languageEnglish
Article number103908
JournalProgress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
Volume121
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2021

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords

  • Generalized Parton Distributions (GPD)
  • Global QCD fits
  • Lattice QCD
  • Transverse Momentum Dependent PDFs (TMD PDFs)
  • Unpolarized/polarized parton distribution functions (PDFs)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Nuclear and High Energy Physics

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