TY - JOUR
T1 - Parton distributions and lattice-QCD calculations
T2 - Toward 3D structure
AU - Constantinou, Martha
AU - Courtoy, Aurore
AU - Ebert, Markus A.
AU - Engelhardt, Michael
AU - Giani, Tommaso
AU - Hobbs, Tim
AU - Hou, Tie Jiun
AU - Kusina, Aleksander
AU - Kutak, Krzysztof
AU - Liang, Jian
AU - Lin, Huey Wen
AU - Liu, Keh Fei
AU - Liuti, Simonetta
AU - Mezrag, Cédric
AU - Nadolsky, Pavel
AU - Nocera, Emanuele R.
AU - Olness, Fred
AU - Qiu, Jian Wei
AU - Radici, Marco
AU - Radyushkin, Anatoly
AU - Rajan, Abha
AU - Rogers, Ted
AU - Rojo, Juan
AU - Schierholz, Gerrit
AU - Yuan, C. P.
AU - Zhang, Jian Hui
AU - Zhang, Rui
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - The strong force which binds hadrons is described by the theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Determining the character and manifestations of QCD is one of the most important and challenging outstanding issues necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the structure of hadrons. Within the context of the QCD parton picture, the parton distribution functions (PDFs) have been remarkably successful in describing a wide variety of processes. However, these PDFs have generally been confined to the description of collinear partons within the hadron. New experiments and facilities provide the opportunity to additionally explore the transverse structure of hadrons which is described by generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMD PDFs). In our previous report Lin et al. (2018), we compared and contrasted the two main approaches used to determine the collinear PDFs: the first based on perturbative QCD factorization theorems, and the second based on lattice-QCD calculations. In the present report, we provide an update of recent progress on the collinear PDFs, and also expand the scope to encompass the generalized PDFs (GPDs and TMD PDFs). We review the current state of the various calculations, and consider what new data might be available in the near future. We also examine how a shared effort can foster dialog between the PDF and lattice-QCD communities, and yield improvements for these generalized PDFs.
AB - The strong force which binds hadrons is described by the theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Determining the character and manifestations of QCD is one of the most important and challenging outstanding issues necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the structure of hadrons. Within the context of the QCD parton picture, the parton distribution functions (PDFs) have been remarkably successful in describing a wide variety of processes. However, these PDFs have generally been confined to the description of collinear partons within the hadron. New experiments and facilities provide the opportunity to additionally explore the transverse structure of hadrons which is described by generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMD PDFs). In our previous report Lin et al. (2018), we compared and contrasted the two main approaches used to determine the collinear PDFs: the first based on perturbative QCD factorization theorems, and the second based on lattice-QCD calculations. In the present report, we provide an update of recent progress on the collinear PDFs, and also expand the scope to encompass the generalized PDFs (GPDs and TMD PDFs). We review the current state of the various calculations, and consider what new data might be available in the near future. We also examine how a shared effort can foster dialog between the PDF and lattice-QCD communities, and yield improvements for these generalized PDFs.
KW - Generalized Parton Distributions (GPD)
KW - Global QCD fits
KW - Lattice QCD
KW - Transverse Momentum Dependent PDFs (TMD PDFs)
KW - Unpolarized/polarized parton distribution functions (PDFs)
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ppnp.2021.103908
DO - 10.1016/j.ppnp.2021.103908
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85114514615
SN - 0146-6410
VL - 121
JO - Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
JF - Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
M1 - 103908
ER -