Presynaptic effects of octopamine, serotonin, and cocktails of the two modulators on neuromuscular transmission in crustaceans

Stefan Djokaj; Robin L. Cooper; Werner Rathmayer

doi:10.1007/s003590100187

Presynaptic effects of octopamine, serotonin, and cocktails of the two modulators on neuromuscular transmission in crustaceans

Stefan Djokaj, Robin L. Cooper, Werner Rathmayer

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

36 Scopus citations

Abstract

The effect of the biogenic amines octopamine and serotonin, and of both amines combined (cocktails) on transmitter release at neuromuscular junctions of two crustaceans was studied, octopamine (10^-8 mol l^-1 to 10^-6 mol l^-1) either enhanced or decreased evoked transmitter release through presynaptic effects. The results were identical for the slow and the fast excitor in the closer muscle of the crab, and for the excitor in the opener muscle of the crayfish. Application of serotonin always resulted in a strong increase of release. However, this potentiating effect of serotonin was reduced in strength by subsequent application of cocktails consisting of serotonin and octopamine. In all experiments, a cocktail of serotonin and octopamine was less effective than serotonin alone. The decrease in the mean quantal content m by octopamine was due to a reduction of the probability of release p. Since both amines are synthesized in the central nervous system and are released from neurohaemal organs into the haemolymph bathing the neuromuscular junctions, the results suggest that the two amines, when present together, modulate transmitter release in an antagonistic way, and that the level of the two determines synaptic efficacy.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	145-154
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology
Volume	187
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590100187
State	Published - 2001

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Acknowledgements Funding was provided by the Deutsche Fors-chungsgemeinschaft (Ra 118/8-3) and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie to W.R., and NSF grants IBN-9808631 and ILI DUE-9850907 to R.L.C. We thank Prof. Amedeo deSantis (Naples) for help in obtaining the crabs and Dr. Sabine Kreissl (Konstanz) or helpful comments on the manuscript. The experiments comply with the ``Principles of Animal Care'' publication No 86-23 revised 1985 of the NIH (USA), and also with the current laws of the respective country in which the experiments were performed.

Keywords

Biogenic amine
Crab
Crayfish
Modulation
Transmitter release

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Physiology
Animal Science and Zoology
Behavioral Neuroscience

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10.1007/s003590100187

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title = "Presynaptic effects of octopamine, serotonin, and cocktails of the two modulators on neuromuscular transmission in crustaceans",

abstract = "The effect of the biogenic amines octopamine and serotonin, and of both amines combined (cocktails) on transmitter release at neuromuscular junctions of two crustaceans was studied, octopamine (10-8 mol l-1 to 10-6 mol l-1) either enhanced or decreased evoked transmitter release through presynaptic effects. The results were identical for the slow and the fast excitor in the closer muscle of the crab, and for the excitor in the opener muscle of the crayfish. Application of serotonin always resulted in a strong increase of release. However, this potentiating effect of serotonin was reduced in strength by subsequent application of cocktails consisting of serotonin and octopamine. In all experiments, a cocktail of serotonin and octopamine was less effective than serotonin alone. The decrease in the mean quantal content m by octopamine was due to a reduction of the probability of release p. Since both amines are synthesized in the central nervous system and are released from neurohaemal organs into the haemolymph bathing the neuromuscular junctions, the results suggest that the two amines, when present together, modulate transmitter release in an antagonistic way, and that the level of the two determines synaptic efficacy.",

keywords = "Biogenic amine, Crab, Crayfish, Modulation, Transmitter release",

author = "Stefan Djokaj and Cooper, {Robin L.} and Werner Rathmayer",

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Presynaptic effects of octopamine, serotonin, and cocktails of the two modulators on neuromuscular transmission in crustaceans. / Djokaj, Stefan; Cooper, Robin L.; Rathmayer, Werner.
In: Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology, Vol. 187, No. 2, 2001, p. 145-154.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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AB - The effect of the biogenic amines octopamine and serotonin, and of both amines combined (cocktails) on transmitter release at neuromuscular junctions of two crustaceans was studied, octopamine (10-8 mol l-1 to 10-6 mol l-1) either enhanced or decreased evoked transmitter release through presynaptic effects. The results were identical for the slow and the fast excitor in the closer muscle of the crab, and for the excitor in the opener muscle of the crayfish. Application of serotonin always resulted in a strong increase of release. However, this potentiating effect of serotonin was reduced in strength by subsequent application of cocktails consisting of serotonin and octopamine. In all experiments, a cocktail of serotonin and octopamine was less effective than serotonin alone. The decrease in the mean quantal content m by octopamine was due to a reduction of the probability of release p. Since both amines are synthesized in the central nervous system and are released from neurohaemal organs into the haemolymph bathing the neuromuscular junctions, the results suggest that the two amines, when present together, modulate transmitter release in an antagonistic way, and that the level of the two determines synaptic efficacy.

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Presynaptic effects of octopamine, serotonin, and cocktails of the two modulators on neuromuscular transmission in crustaceans

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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