Progesterone vaginal gel for the reduction of recurrent preterm birth: Primary results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

J. M. O'Brien, C. D. Adair, D. F. Lewis, D. R. Hall, E. A. DeFranco, S. Fusey, P. Soma-Pillay, K. Porter, H. How, R. Schackis, D. Eller, Y. Trivedi, G. Vanburen, M. Khandelwal, K. Trofatter, D. Vidyadhari, J. Vijayaraghavan, J. Weeks, B. Dattel, E. NewtonC. Chazotte, G. Valenzuela, P. Calda, M. Bsharat, G. W. Creasy

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

245 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: Preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Treatment of preterm labor with tocolysis has not been successful in improving infant outcome. The administration of progesterone and related compounds has been proposed as a strategy to prevent preterm birth. The objective of this trial was to determine whether prophylactic administration of vaginal progesterone reduces the risk of preterm birth in women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational trial enrolled and randomized 659 pregnant women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth. Between 18 + 0 and 22 + 6 weeks of gestation, patients were assigned randomly to once-daily treatment with either progesterone vaginal gel or placebo until either delivery, 37 weeks' gestation or development of preterm rupture of membranes. The primary outcome was preterm birth at ≤ 32 weeks of gestation. The trial was analyzed using an intent-to-treat strategy. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in the two treatment groups. Progesterone did not decrease the frequency of preterm birth at ≤ 32 weeks. There was no difference between the groups with respect to the mean gestational age at delivery, infant morbidity or mortality or other maternal or neonatal outcome measures. Adverse events during the course of treatment were similar for the two groups. Conclusion: Prophylactic treatment with vaginal progesterone did not reduce the frequency of recurrent preterm birth (≤ 32 weeks) in women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth. The effect of progesterone administration in patients at high risk for preterm delivery as determined by methods other than history alone (e.g. sonographic cervical length) requires further investigation.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)687-696
Number of pages10
JournalUltrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Volume30
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2007

Keywords

  • Pregnancy
  • Premature labor
  • Premature parturition syndrome
  • Prematurity
  • Preterm labor
  • Prevention
  • Progestin
  • Prophylaxis
  • Vaginal administration

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology

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