Protein Phosphatase PP5 Controls Bone Mass and the Negative Effects of Rosiglitazone on Bone through Reciprocal Regulation of PPARγ (Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ) and RUNX2 (Runt-related Transcription Factor 2)

Lance A. Stechschulte, Chunxi Ge, Terry D. Hinds, Edwin R. Sanchez, Renny T. Franceschi, Beata Lecka-Czernik

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

18 Scopus citations

Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) are key regulators of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation toward adipocytes and osteoblasts, respectively. Post-translational modifications of these factors determine their activities. Dephosphorylation of PPARγ at Ser-112 is required for its adipocytic activity, whereas phosphorylation of RUNX2 at serine 319 (Ser-319) promotes its osteoblastic activity. Here we show that protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) reciprocally regulates each receptor by targeting each serine. Mice deficient in PP5 phosphatase have increased osteoblast numbers and high bone formation, which results in high bone mass in the appendicular and axial skeleton. This is associated with a substantial decrease in lipid-containing marrow adipocytes. Indeed, in the absence of PP5 the MSC lineage allocation is skewed toward osteoblasts and away from lipid accumulating adipocytes, although an increase in beige adipocyte gene expression is observed. In the presence of rosiglitazone, PP5 translocates to the nucleus, binds to PPARγ and RUNX2, and dephosphorylates both factors, resulting in activation of PPARγ adipocytic and suppression of RUNX2 osteoblastic activities. Moreover, shRNA knockdown of PP5 results in cells refractory to rosiglitazone treatment. Lastly, mice deficient in PP5 are resistant to the negative effects of rosiglitazone on bone, which in wild type animals causes a 50% decrease in trabecular bone mass. In conclusion, PP5 is a unique phosphatase reciprocally regulating PPARγ and RUNX2 activities in marrow MSC.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)24475-24486
Number of pages12
JournalJournal of Biological Chemistry
Volume291
Issue number47
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 18 2016

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Funding

This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grants DK105825 (to B. L.-C.), DE11723 (to R. T. F.), and DK70127 (to E. R. S.). This work was also supported by the American Diabetes Association Grant 7-13-BS-089 (to B. L.-C.). The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest with the contents of this article. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

FundersFunder number
National Institutes of Health (NIH)DK105825, DK70127, DE11723
American Diabetes Association Inc7-13-BS-089
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesR24DK092759

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Cell Biology

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