Reproductive steroids and ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle

Bethan Roberts; Tory Eisenlohr-Moul; Michelle M. Martel

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.11.015

Reproductive steroids and ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle

Bethan Roberts, Tory Eisenlohr-Moul, Michelle M. Martel

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

Although Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder shows (ADHD) male predominance, females are significantly impaired and exhibit additional comorbid disorders during adolescence. However, no empirical work has examined the influence of cyclical fluctuating steroids on ADHD symptoms in women. The present study examined estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), and testosterone (T) associations with ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle in regularly-cycling young women (N = 32), examining trait impulsivity as a moderator. Women completed a baseline measure of trait impulsivity, provided saliva samples each morning, and completed an ADHD symptom checklist every evening for 35 days. Results indicated decreased levels of E2 in the context of increased levels of either P4 or T was associated with higher ADHD symptoms on the following day, particularly for those with high trait impulsivity. Phase analyses suggested both an early follicular and early luteal, or post-ovulatory, increase in ADHD symptoms. Therefore, ADHD symptoms may change across the menstrual cycle in response to endogenous steroid changes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	105-114
Number of pages	10
Journal	Psychoneuroendocrinology
Volume	88
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.11.015
State	Published - Feb 2018

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Funding

This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health ( M.M., UL1R000117 ), National Institute of Mental Health ( T.E., T32MH093315 ; K99MH109667 ), and National Institute on Drug Abuse ( M.M., DA005312 ; DA035150 ). We thank the participants who made this work possible. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (M.M., UL1R000117), National Institute of Mental Health (T.E., T32MH093315; K99MH109667), and National Institute on Drug Abuse (M.M., DA005312; DA035150). We thank the participants who made this work possible.

Funders	Funder number
National Institutes of Health (NIH)	UL1R000117
National Institute of Mental Health	T32MH093315, T.E., K99MH109667
National Institute on Drug Abuse	M.M., DA035150, P50DA005312

Keywords

ADHD
Estradiol
Progesterone
Reproductive steroid hormones
Testosterone

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Endocrinology
Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Psychiatry and Mental health
Biological Psychiatry

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.11.015

Cite this

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title = "Reproductive steroids and ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle",

abstract = "Although Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder shows (ADHD) male predominance, females are significantly impaired and exhibit additional comorbid disorders during adolescence. However, no empirical work has examined the influence of cyclical fluctuating steroids on ADHD symptoms in women. The present study examined estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), and testosterone (T) associations with ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle in regularly-cycling young women (N = 32), examining trait impulsivity as a moderator. Women completed a baseline measure of trait impulsivity, provided saliva samples each morning, and completed an ADHD symptom checklist every evening for 35 days. Results indicated decreased levels of E2 in the context of increased levels of either P4 or T was associated with higher ADHD symptoms on the following day, particularly for those with high trait impulsivity. Phase analyses suggested both an early follicular and early luteal, or post-ovulatory, increase in ADHD symptoms. Therefore, ADHD symptoms may change across the menstrual cycle in response to endogenous steroid changes.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.11.015",

language = "English",

volume = "88",

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AU - Eisenlohr-Moul, Tory

AU - Martel, Michelle M.

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N2 - Although Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder shows (ADHD) male predominance, females are significantly impaired and exhibit additional comorbid disorders during adolescence. However, no empirical work has examined the influence of cyclical fluctuating steroids on ADHD symptoms in women. The present study examined estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), and testosterone (T) associations with ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle in regularly-cycling young women (N = 32), examining trait impulsivity as a moderator. Women completed a baseline measure of trait impulsivity, provided saliva samples each morning, and completed an ADHD symptom checklist every evening for 35 days. Results indicated decreased levels of E2 in the context of increased levels of either P4 or T was associated with higher ADHD symptoms on the following day, particularly for those with high trait impulsivity. Phase analyses suggested both an early follicular and early luteal, or post-ovulatory, increase in ADHD symptoms. Therefore, ADHD symptoms may change across the menstrual cycle in response to endogenous steroid changes.

AB - Although Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder shows (ADHD) male predominance, females are significantly impaired and exhibit additional comorbid disorders during adolescence. However, no empirical work has examined the influence of cyclical fluctuating steroids on ADHD symptoms in women. The present study examined estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), and testosterone (T) associations with ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle in regularly-cycling young women (N = 32), examining trait impulsivity as a moderator. Women completed a baseline measure of trait impulsivity, provided saliva samples each morning, and completed an ADHD symptom checklist every evening for 35 days. Results indicated decreased levels of E2 in the context of increased levels of either P4 or T was associated with higher ADHD symptoms on the following day, particularly for those with high trait impulsivity. Phase analyses suggested both an early follicular and early luteal, or post-ovulatory, increase in ADHD symptoms. Therefore, ADHD symptoms may change across the menstrual cycle in response to endogenous steroid changes.

KW - ADHD

KW - Estradiol

KW - Progesterone

KW - Reproductive steroid hormones

KW - Testosterone

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Reproductive steroids and ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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Cite this