Serological evidence for the co-circulation of two lineages of influenza D viruses in equine populations of the Midwest United States

H. Nedland; J. Wollman; C. Sreenivasan; M. Quast; A. Singrey; L. Fawcett; J. Christopher-Hennings; E. Nelson; R. S. Kaushik; D. Wang; F. Li

doi:10.1111/zph.12423

Serological evidence for the co-circulation of two lineages of influenza D viruses in equine populations of the Midwest United States

H. Nedland, J. Wollman, C. Sreenivasan, M. Quast, A. Singrey, L. Fawcett, J. Christopher-Hennings, E. Nelson, R. S. Kaushik, D. Wang, F. Li

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

65 Scopus citations

Abstract

Influenza D virus (IDV) is a newly described influenza type of the Orthomyxoviridae virus family that was first isolated from diseased swine in 2011 and has subsequently been detected in cattle around the world in 2014. In addition, serological evidence for IDV infection in humans has been recently established. Despite all the progress, the full range of susceptible hosts for this novel virus has yet to be determined, but includes swine, bovine, small ruminants and human. This study was designed to determine if equine is a possible host to this newly emerging influenza virus. Three hundred and sixty-four equine serum samples were collected in 2015 from 141 farms within the Midwestern United States. Serum samples were examined using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay against two established IDV lineages (D/OK and D/660) and one IDV-related human ICV lineage (C/JHB). Results of this study showed 44 (44 of 364, 12%) samples positive for antibodies against D/OK, 39 (39 of 364, 11%) samples positive for antibodies against D/660, and 41 (41 of 364, 11%) samples positive for antibodies against C/JHB. A subset of these samples was further confirmed via microtitre neutralization (MN) assay. Our data demonstrated that horses are susceptible to two lineages of IDV, and that these viruses were present in equine populations throughout multiple Midwestern states of the United States. These findings continue to support the need for further surveillance of IDV viruses in agricultural species to work towards a better understanding of the full host range and natural reservoirs of influenza D virus.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	e148-e154
Journal	Zoonoses and Public Health
Volume	65
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12423
State	Published - Feb 2018

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Blackwell Verlag GmbH

Funding

The authors would like to thank fellow lab colleagues in Dr. Feng Li's lab for technical and personal help and the Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Lab at SDSU for the procurement and preparation of samples. This work was partially supported by an EPSCOR undergraduate research grant through the South Dakota BioSNTR Foundation and SDSU AES 3AH477. The authors would like to thank fellow lab colleagues in Dr. Feng Li’s lab for technical and personal help and the Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Lab at SDSU for the procurement and preparation of samples. This work was partially supported by an EPSCOR undergraduate research grant through the South Dakota BioSNTR Foundation and SDSU AES 3AH477.

Funders	Funder number
Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Lab
South Dakota BioSNTR Foundation
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases	R21AI107379
Office of Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research
San Diego State University	AES 3AH477

Keywords

equine
horse
influenza virus
serology
type C
type D

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Epidemiology
General Immunology and Microbiology
General Veterinary
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Infectious Diseases

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1111/zph.12423

Cite this

Nedland, H., Wollman, J., Sreenivasan, C., Quast, M., Singrey, A., Fawcett, L., Christopher-Hennings, J., Nelson, E., Kaushik, R. S., Wang, D., & Li, F. (2018). Serological evidence for the co-circulation of two lineages of influenza D viruses in equine populations of the Midwest United States. Zoonoses and Public Health, 65(1), e148-e154. https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12423

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title = "Serological evidence for the co-circulation of two lineages of influenza D viruses in equine populations of the Midwest United States",

abstract = "Influenza D virus (IDV) is a newly described influenza type of the Orthomyxoviridae virus family that was first isolated from diseased swine in 2011 and has subsequently been detected in cattle around the world in 2014. In addition, serological evidence for IDV infection in humans has been recently established. Despite all the progress, the full range of susceptible hosts for this novel virus has yet to be determined, but includes swine, bovine, small ruminants and human. This study was designed to determine if equine is a possible host to this newly emerging influenza virus. Three hundred and sixty-four equine serum samples were collected in 2015 from 141 farms within the Midwestern United States. Serum samples were examined using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay against two established IDV lineages (D/OK and D/660) and one IDV-related human ICV lineage (C/JHB). Results of this study showed 44 (44 of 364, 12%) samples positive for antibodies against D/OK, 39 (39 of 364, 11%) samples positive for antibodies against D/660, and 41 (41 of 364, 11%) samples positive for antibodies against C/JHB. A subset of these samples was further confirmed via microtitre neutralization (MN) assay. Our data demonstrated that horses are susceptible to two lineages of IDV, and that these viruses were present in equine populations throughout multiple Midwestern states of the United States. These findings continue to support the need for further surveillance of IDV viruses in agricultural species to work towards a better understanding of the full host range and natural reservoirs of influenza D virus.",

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doi = "10.1111/zph.12423",

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Nedland, H, Wollman, J, Sreenivasan, C, Quast, M, Singrey, A, Fawcett, L, Christopher-Hennings, J, Nelson, E, Kaushik, RS, Wang, D & Li, F 2018, 'Serological evidence for the co-circulation of two lineages of influenza D viruses in equine populations of the Midwest United States', Zoonoses and Public Health, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. e148-e154. https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12423

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AU - Nedland, H.

AU - Wollman, J.

AU - Sreenivasan, C.

AU - Quast, M.

AU - Singrey, A.

AU - Fawcett, L.

AU - Christopher-Hennings, J.

AU - Nelson, E.

AU - Kaushik, R. S.

AU - Wang, D.

AU - Li, F.

PY - 2018/2

Y1 - 2018/2

N2 - Influenza D virus (IDV) is a newly described influenza type of the Orthomyxoviridae virus family that was first isolated from diseased swine in 2011 and has subsequently been detected in cattle around the world in 2014. In addition, serological evidence for IDV infection in humans has been recently established. Despite all the progress, the full range of susceptible hosts for this novel virus has yet to be determined, but includes swine, bovine, small ruminants and human. This study was designed to determine if equine is a possible host to this newly emerging influenza virus. Three hundred and sixty-four equine serum samples were collected in 2015 from 141 farms within the Midwestern United States. Serum samples were examined using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay against two established IDV lineages (D/OK and D/660) and one IDV-related human ICV lineage (C/JHB). Results of this study showed 44 (44 of 364, 12%) samples positive for antibodies against D/OK, 39 (39 of 364, 11%) samples positive for antibodies against D/660, and 41 (41 of 364, 11%) samples positive for antibodies against C/JHB. A subset of these samples was further confirmed via microtitre neutralization (MN) assay. Our data demonstrated that horses are susceptible to two lineages of IDV, and that these viruses were present in equine populations throughout multiple Midwestern states of the United States. These findings continue to support the need for further surveillance of IDV viruses in agricultural species to work towards a better understanding of the full host range and natural reservoirs of influenza D virus.

AB - Influenza D virus (IDV) is a newly described influenza type of the Orthomyxoviridae virus family that was first isolated from diseased swine in 2011 and has subsequently been detected in cattle around the world in 2014. In addition, serological evidence for IDV infection in humans has been recently established. Despite all the progress, the full range of susceptible hosts for this novel virus has yet to be determined, but includes swine, bovine, small ruminants and human. This study was designed to determine if equine is a possible host to this newly emerging influenza virus. Three hundred and sixty-four equine serum samples were collected in 2015 from 141 farms within the Midwestern United States. Serum samples were examined using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay against two established IDV lineages (D/OK and D/660) and one IDV-related human ICV lineage (C/JHB). Results of this study showed 44 (44 of 364, 12%) samples positive for antibodies against D/OK, 39 (39 of 364, 11%) samples positive for antibodies against D/660, and 41 (41 of 364, 11%) samples positive for antibodies against C/JHB. A subset of these samples was further confirmed via microtitre neutralization (MN) assay. Our data demonstrated that horses are susceptible to two lineages of IDV, and that these viruses were present in equine populations throughout multiple Midwestern states of the United States. These findings continue to support the need for further surveillance of IDV viruses in agricultural species to work towards a better understanding of the full host range and natural reservoirs of influenza D virus.

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JO - Zoonoses and Public Health

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Serological evidence for the co-circulation of two lineages of influenza D viruses in equine populations of the Midwest United States

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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