Size and shape distributions of primary crystallites in titania aggregates

Eric A. Grulke, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Kazuhiro Kumagai, Ines Häusler, Werner Österle, Erik Ortel, Vasile Dan Hodoroaba, Scott C. Brown, Christopher Chan, Jiwen Zheng, Kenji Yamamoto, Kouji Yashiki, Nam Woong Song, Young Heon Kim, Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, D. Schwegler-Berry, Victoria A. Coleman, Åsa K. Jämting, Jan Herrmann, Toru ArakawaWoodrow W. Burchett, Joshua W. Lambert, Arnold J. Stromberg

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

23 Scopus citations

Abstract

The primary crystallite size of titania powder relates to its properties in a number of applications. Transmission electron microscopy was used in this interlaboratory comparison (ILC) to measure primary crystallite size and shape distributions for a commercial aggregated titania powder. Data of four size descriptors and two shape descriptors were evaluated across nine laboratories. Data repeatability and reproducibility was evaluated by analysis of variance. One-third of the laboratory pairs had similar size descriptor data, but 83% of the pairs had similar aspect ratio data. Scale descriptor distributions were generally unimodal and were well-described by lognormal reference models. Shape descriptor distributions were multi-modal but data visualization plots demonstrated that the Weibull distribution was preferred to the normal distribution. For the equivalent circular diameter size descriptor, measurement uncertainties of the lognormal distribution scale and width parameters were 9.5% and 22%, respectively. For the aspect ratio shape descriptor, the measurement uncertainties of the Weibull distribution scale and width parameters were 7.0% and 26%, respectively. Both measurement uncertainty estimates and data visualizations should be used to analyze size and shape distributions of particles on the nanoscale.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1647-1659
Number of pages13
JournalAdvanced Powder Technology
Volume28
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2017

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017

Funding

The authors thank Toshiyuki Fujimoto and Naoyuki Taketoshi of AIST for their advice and counsel with respect to ISO/TC229 needs and requirements of this study. The authors also thank the following researchers at NIST for their useful critiques regarding this ILC: Angela Hight Walker, Jeff Fagan, Vince Hackley, and John Bonevich. The work by AIST was part of the research program of “strategic international standardization acceleration projects” supported by the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry (METI) of Japan. The work by BAM on this project was supported by the SETNanoMetro Seventh Framework Programme project (project number 604577; call identifier FP7-NMP-2013_LARGE-7). The work by KRISS was part of the project, “Nano Material technology Development Program (2014M3A7B6020163) of MSIP/NRF. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

FundersFunder number
John Bonevich
SETNanoMetro Seventh Framework Programme604577, FP7-NMP-2013_LARGE-7
Toshiyuki Fujimoto and Naoyuki Taketoshi of AIST
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning
Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science2014M3A7B6020163
Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science
National Research Foundation of Korea

    Keywords

    • Measurement uncertainty
    • Shape distribution
    • Size distribution
    • TEM
    • Titania

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • General Chemical Engineering
    • Mechanics of Materials

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