Sleep Quantity and Problems as Mediators of the Eveningness-Adjustment Link during Childhood and Adolescence

Gabriela Ksinan Jiskrova; Alexander T. Vazsonyi; Jana Klánová; Ladislav Dušek

doi:10.1007/s10964-018-0965-8

Sleep Quantity and Problems as Mediators of the Eveningness-Adjustment Link during Childhood and Adolescence

Gabriela Ksinan Jiskrova
, Alexander T. Vazsonyi
, Jana Klánová
, Ladislav Dušek

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Chronotype, or morningness/eveningness, has been associated with adjustment in both children and adolescents. Specifically, eveningness has been linked to adjustment difficulties; however, the mechanism underlying this association is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to test whether the associations between eveningness and adjustment difficulties could be explained by an unfavorable impact of eveningness on sleep. Links from chronotype to internalizing problems and problem behaviors via sleep quantity and sleep problems were tested in a sample from the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (N = 3485; 48.8% female), both when the participants were children (7 years at T1, 11 at T2) and when they were adolescents (15 years at T1, 18 at T2). The findings provided evidence that eveningness predicted greater sleep problems and lower sleep quantity; however, only sleep problems predicted internalizing problems and problem behaviors. Sleep quantity did not mediate the eveningness-adjustment link, and sleep problems did so only in children. The findings show that sleep problems appear to be more important in explaining the eveningness-adjustment link rather than altered sleep quantity, commonly associated with eveningness.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	620-634
Number of pages	15
Journal	Journal of Youth and Adolescence
Volume	48
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-018-0965-8
State	Published - Mar 15 2019

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Funding

Acknowledgements The ELSPAC study was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LM2015051 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000469). This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The ELSPAC study was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LM2015051 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000469). This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. GJ conceived of the study, participated in its design, performed the statistical analysis, contributed to interpretation of the data, and drafted the manuscript. AV participated in the conceptualization and design of the study, and contributed to the interpretation of findings and drafting the manuscript. JK provided access to the dataset, guidance in navigating the data, information about used scales and measures, and contributed to proofreading and finalizing the manuscript. LD provided guidance in navigating the dataset, information about used scales and measures, and contributed to proofreading and finalizing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The restricted data that support the findings of this study are available from the Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX) and the Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses of the Masaryk University, Czech Republic. Restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under contract and license for the current study, and thus are not publicly available.

Funders	Funder number
Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses of the Masaryk University
Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment
Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy	CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000469, LM2015051
Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy

Keywords

Chronotype
Internalizing problems
Problem behaviors
Sleep

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Social Psychology
Education
Developmental and Educational Psychology
Social Sciences (miscellaneous)

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10.1007/s10964-018-0965-8

Cite this

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title = "Sleep Quantity and Problems as Mediators of the Eveningness-Adjustment Link during Childhood and Adolescence",

abstract = "Chronotype, or morningness/eveningness, has been associated with adjustment in both children and adolescents. Specifically, eveningness has been linked to adjustment difficulties; however, the mechanism underlying this association is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to test whether the associations between eveningness and adjustment difficulties could be explained by an unfavorable impact of eveningness on sleep. Links from chronotype to internalizing problems and problem behaviors via sleep quantity and sleep problems were tested in a sample from the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (N = 3485; 48.8\% female), both when the participants were children (7 years at T1, 11 at T2) and when they were adolescents (15 years at T1, 18 at T2). The findings provided evidence that eveningness predicted greater sleep problems and lower sleep quantity; however, only sleep problems predicted internalizing problems and problem behaviors. Sleep quantity did not mediate the eveningness-adjustment link, and sleep problems did so only in children. The findings show that sleep problems appear to be more important in explaining the eveningness-adjustment link rather than altered sleep quantity, commonly associated with eveningness.",

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note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.",

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doi = "10.1007/s10964-018-0965-8",

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AU - Dušek, Ladislav

PY - 2019/3/15

Y1 - 2019/3/15

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AB - Chronotype, or morningness/eveningness, has been associated with adjustment in both children and adolescents. Specifically, eveningness has been linked to adjustment difficulties; however, the mechanism underlying this association is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to test whether the associations between eveningness and adjustment difficulties could be explained by an unfavorable impact of eveningness on sleep. Links from chronotype to internalizing problems and problem behaviors via sleep quantity and sleep problems were tested in a sample from the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (N = 3485; 48.8% female), both when the participants were children (7 years at T1, 11 at T2) and when they were adolescents (15 years at T1, 18 at T2). The findings provided evidence that eveningness predicted greater sleep problems and lower sleep quantity; however, only sleep problems predicted internalizing problems and problem behaviors. Sleep quantity did not mediate the eveningness-adjustment link, and sleep problems did so only in children. The findings show that sleep problems appear to be more important in explaining the eveningness-adjustment link rather than altered sleep quantity, commonly associated with eveningness.

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Sleep Quantity and Problems as Mediators of the Eveningness-Adjustment Link during Childhood and Adolescence

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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