Specific conductivity sensor performance: II. Field evaluation

Travis P. Maupin; Carmen T. Agouridis; Dwayne R. Edwards; Christopher D. Barton; Richard C. Warner; Michael P. Sama

doi:10.1080/17480930.2013.764702

Specific conductivity sensor performance: II. Field evaluation

Travis P. Maupin
, Carmen T. Agouridis
, Dwayne R. Edwards
, Christopher D. Barton
, Richard C. Warner
, Michael P. Sama

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has issued guidance on the specific conductivity (EC_25°C) of waters discharged from mined lands in the Appalachian Coal Belt Region of the USA. In this guidance, the USEPA states that these waters should have an EC_25°C less than 300-500 μS cm^-1. Such a requirement places great importance on accurately determining EC_25°C. Building upon a laboratory-based evaluation of four types of commercially available continuous logging conductivity sensors, this study examined sensor performance in the more harsh and variable field environments at forested and mined land streams in eastern Kentucky. The objectives of this study were to calculate the white noise variance associated with each sensor type and to evaluate white noise variance in relation to variations in EC_25°C and discharge. Results of the study indicate that predominant increases in EC_25°C, and to some extent increases in discharge, explain between 35 and 65% of the white noise variance.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	345-365
Number of pages	21
Journal	International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment
Volume	27
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2013.764702
State	Published - Oct 2013

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Kristen McQuerry for her statistical assistance as well as Emma Witt and Matt Strong for their assistance in collecting the data. This project was funded by the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources (PON2 660 1000003368 1), Virginia Tech University and the ARIES Program (441693-19660A). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, Virginia Tech University or the ARIES Program. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

Funding

The authors would like to thank Kristen McQuerry for her statistical assistance as well as Emma Witt and Matt Strong for their assistance in collecting the data. This project was funded by the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources (PON2 660 1000003368 1), Virginia Tech University and the ARIES Program (441693-19660A). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, Virginia Tech University or the ARIES Program. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

Funders	Funder number
Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources	PON2 660 1000003368 1
Virginia Tech University	441693-19660A

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 15 Life on Land

Keywords

Appalachia
coal mining
conductivity
water quality
white noise

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
Geology
Earth-Surface Processes
Management of Technology and Innovation

Access to Document

10.1080/17480930.2013.764702

Cite this

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title = "Specific conductivity sensor performance: II. Field evaluation",

abstract = "The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has issued guidance on the specific conductivity (EC25°C) of waters discharged from mined lands in the Appalachian Coal Belt Region of the USA. In this guidance, the USEPA states that these waters should have an EC25°C less than 300-500 μS cm-1. Such a requirement places great importance on accurately determining EC25°C. Building upon a laboratory-based evaluation of four types of commercially available continuous logging conductivity sensors, this study examined sensor performance in the more harsh and variable field environments at forested and mined land streams in eastern Kentucky. The objectives of this study were to calculate the white noise variance associated with each sensor type and to evaluate white noise variance in relation to variations in EC25°C and discharge. Results of the study indicate that predominant increases in EC25°C, and to some extent increases in discharge, explain between 35 and 65\% of the white noise variance.",

keywords = "Appalachia, coal mining, conductivity, water quality, white noise",

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note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Kristen McQuerry for her statistical assistance as well as Emma Witt and Matt Strong for their assistance in collecting the data. This project was funded by the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources (PON2 660 1000003368 1), Virginia Tech University and the ARIES Program (441693-19660A). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, Virginia Tech University or the ARIES Program. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.",

year = "2013",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1080/17480930.2013.764702",

language = "English",

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AU - Warner, Richard C.

AU - Sama, Michael P.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Kristen McQuerry for her statistical assistance as well as Emma Witt and Matt Strong for their assistance in collecting the data. This project was funded by the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources (PON2 660 1000003368 1), Virginia Tech University and the ARIES Program (441693-19660A). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, Virginia Tech University or the ARIES Program. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

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Y1 - 2013/10

N2 - The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has issued guidance on the specific conductivity (EC25°C) of waters discharged from mined lands in the Appalachian Coal Belt Region of the USA. In this guidance, the USEPA states that these waters should have an EC25°C less than 300-500 μS cm-1. Such a requirement places great importance on accurately determining EC25°C. Building upon a laboratory-based evaluation of four types of commercially available continuous logging conductivity sensors, this study examined sensor performance in the more harsh and variable field environments at forested and mined land streams in eastern Kentucky. The objectives of this study were to calculate the white noise variance associated with each sensor type and to evaluate white noise variance in relation to variations in EC25°C and discharge. Results of the study indicate that predominant increases in EC25°C, and to some extent increases in discharge, explain between 35 and 65% of the white noise variance.

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Specific conductivity sensor performance: II. Field evaluation

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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