TY - JOUR
T1 - Spinal cord injury reduces the efficacy of pseudorabies virus labeling of sympathetic preganglionic neurons
AU - Duale, Hanad
AU - Hou, Shaoping
AU - Derbenev, Andrei V.
AU - Smith, Bret N.
AU - Rabchevsky, Alexander G.
PY - 2009/2
Y1 - 2009/2
N2 - The retrograde transsynaptic tracer pseudorabies virus (PRV) is used as a marker for synaptic connectivity in the spinal cord. Using PRV, we sought to document putative synaptic plasticity below a high thoracic (T) spinal cord transection. This lesion has been linked to the development of a number of debilitating conditions, includingautonomic dysreflexia. Two weeks after injury, complete T4-transected and/or T4-hemisected and sham rats were injected with PRV-expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) ormonomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP1) into the kidneys. Weexpected greater PRV labeling after injury because of the plasticity of spinal circuitry, but 96 hours post-PRV-EGFP inoculation, we found fewer EGFP cells in the thoracolumbar gray matter of T4-transected compared with sham rats (p < 0.01); Western blot analysis corroborated decreased EGFP protein levels (p < 0.01). Moreover, viral glycoproteins that are critical for cell adsorption and entry were also reduced in the thoracolumbar spinal cord of injured versus sham rats (p < 0.01). Pseudorabies virus labeling of sympathetic postganglionic neurons in the celiac ganglia innervating thekidneys was also significantly reduced in injured versus shamrats (p < 0.01). By contrast, the numbers and distribution of Fluoro-Gold-labeled (intraperitoneal injection) sympathetic preganglionic neurons throughout the sampled regions appeared similar in injured and sham rats. These results question whether spinal cord injury exclusively retards PRV expression and/or transport or whether this injury broadly affects host cell-viral interactions.
AB - The retrograde transsynaptic tracer pseudorabies virus (PRV) is used as a marker for synaptic connectivity in the spinal cord. Using PRV, we sought to document putative synaptic plasticity below a high thoracic (T) spinal cord transection. This lesion has been linked to the development of a number of debilitating conditions, includingautonomic dysreflexia. Two weeks after injury, complete T4-transected and/or T4-hemisected and sham rats were injected with PRV-expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) ormonomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP1) into the kidneys. Weexpected greater PRV labeling after injury because of the plasticity of spinal circuitry, but 96 hours post-PRV-EGFP inoculation, we found fewer EGFP cells in the thoracolumbar gray matter of T4-transected compared with sham rats (p < 0.01); Western blot analysis corroborated decreased EGFP protein levels (p < 0.01). Moreover, viral glycoproteins that are critical for cell adsorption and entry were also reduced in the thoracolumbar spinal cord of injured versus sham rats (p < 0.01). Pseudorabies virus labeling of sympathetic postganglionic neurons in the celiac ganglia innervating thekidneys was also significantly reduced in injured versus shamrats (p < 0.01). By contrast, the numbers and distribution of Fluoro-Gold-labeled (intraperitoneal injection) sympathetic preganglionic neurons throughout the sampled regions appeared similar in injured and sham rats. These results question whether spinal cord injury exclusively retards PRV expression and/or transport or whether this injury broadly affects host cell-viral interactions.
KW - Intermediolateral column
KW - Neuroplasticity
KW - Pseudorabies virus
KW - Retrograde transsynaptic tracer
KW - Spinal cord injury
KW - Sympathetic nervous system
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U2 - 10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181967df7
DO - 10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181967df7
M3 - Article
C2 - 19151624
AN - SCOPUS:64049093784
SN - 0022-3069
VL - 68
SP - 168
EP - 178
JO - Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology
JF - Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology
IS - 2
ER -