Subjective effects and the main reason for smoking in outpatients with schizophrenia: a case-control study

Manuel Gurpegui; José M. Martínez-Ortega; Dolores Jurado; M. Carmen Aguilar; Francisco J. Diaz; Jose de Leon

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2006.10.002

Subjective effects and the main reason for smoking in outpatients with schizophrenia: a case-control study

Manuel Gurpegui, José M. Martínez-Ortega, Dolores Jurado, M. Carmen Aguilar, Francisco J. Diaz, Jose de Leon

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

28 Scopus citations

Abstract

This study examines in daily smokers (1) subjective effects and main reason for smoking after controlling for nicotine dependence level in 100 controls and 173 patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, schizophrenia and (2) the association of specific subjective effects and schizophrenia symptoms. The subjective effects and the main reason for smoking were studied using a questionnaire and the schizophrenia symptoms with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Proportions were compared by odds ratios controlling for the effects of sex, age, education, and level of nicotine dependence by logistic regression. Schizophrenia was strongly associated with subjective effects of cheerfulness, agility, alertness, concentration, and calmness. In patients with schizophrenia, a cheerfulness effect was associated with higher depressive symptoms; a calming effect, with higher anxiety symptoms; and a sociability effect, with lower negative symptoms. Compared with controls, desire for calmness as the main reason for smoking was more frequent in patients with schizophrenia. These survey data call for confirmation through experimental studies and may help in the design of more focused smoking cessation programs for these patients.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	186-191
Number of pages	6
Journal	Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume	48
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2006.10.002
State	Published - Mar 2007

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to the patients, families, and staff of the Granada-South and Granada-North Community Mental Health Centers and their Rehabilitation Unit, and the Postigo-Velutti Primary Health Care Center, Granada. Doctor Aguilar was supported by a grant from the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (AECI), and Dr Martínez-Ortega was supported by grant AP2003-5031 of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science. Doctor Diaz was partially supported by grant 030802738 from the Dirección de Investigaciones de la Universidad Nacional, Medellín. Jean Sanders, MA, and Lorraine Maw, MA, helped with editing.

Funding

The authors are grateful to the patients, families, and staff of the Granada-South and Granada-North Community Mental Health Centers and their Rehabilitation Unit, and the Postigo-Velutti Primary Health Care Center, Granada. Doctor Aguilar was supported by a grant from the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (AECI), and Dr Martínez-Ortega was supported by grant AP2003-5031 of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science. Doctor Diaz was partially supported by grant 030802738 from the Dirección de Investigaciones de la Universidad Nacional, Medellín. Jean Sanders, MA, and Lorraine Maw, MA, helped with editing.

Funders	Funder number
AECI	AP2003-5031
Ministério da Educação e Ciência	030802738
Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Clinical Psychology
Psychiatry and Mental health

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.comppsych.2006.10.002

Cite this

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title = "Subjective effects and the main reason for smoking in outpatients with schizophrenia: a case-control study",

abstract = "This study examines in daily smokers (1) subjective effects and main reason for smoking after controlling for nicotine dependence level in 100 controls and 173 patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, schizophrenia and (2) the association of specific subjective effects and schizophrenia symptoms. The subjective effects and the main reason for smoking were studied using a questionnaire and the schizophrenia symptoms with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Proportions were compared by odds ratios controlling for the effects of sex, age, education, and level of nicotine dependence by logistic regression. Schizophrenia was strongly associated with subjective effects of cheerfulness, agility, alertness, concentration, and calmness. In patients with schizophrenia, a cheerfulness effect was associated with higher depressive symptoms; a calming effect, with higher anxiety symptoms; and a sociability effect, with lower negative symptoms. Compared with controls, desire for calmness as the main reason for smoking was more frequent in patients with schizophrenia. These survey data call for confirmation through experimental studies and may help in the design of more focused smoking cessation programs for these patients.",

author = "Manuel Gurpegui and Mart{\'i}nez-Ortega, {Jos{\'e} M.} and Dolores Jurado and Aguilar, {M. Carmen} and Diaz, {Francisco J.} and {de Leon}, Jose",

note = "Funding Information: The authors are grateful to the patients, families, and staff of the Granada-South and Granada-North Community Mental Health Centers and their Rehabilitation Unit, and the Postigo-Velutti Primary Health Care Center, Granada. Doctor Aguilar was supported by a grant from the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (AECI), and Dr Mart{\'i}nez-Ortega was supported by grant AP2003-5031 of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science. Doctor Diaz was partially supported by grant 030802738 from the Direcci{\'o}n de Investigaciones de la Universidad Nacional, Medell{\'i}n. Jean Sanders, MA, and Lorraine Maw, MA, helped with editing.",

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Subjective effects and the main reason for smoking in outpatients with schizophrenia: a case-control study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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