TY - JOUR
T1 - Ten-year regional monitoring of soil-rice grain contamination by heavy metals with implications for target remediation and food safety
AU - He, Mingjiang
AU - Shen, Haoran
AU - Li, Zhangtao
AU - Wang, Lu
AU - Wang, Fan
AU - Zhao, Keli
AU - Liu, Xingmei
AU - Wendroth, Ole
AU - Xu, Jianming
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/1
Y1 - 2019/1
N2 - Farmland soil heavy metal contamination could pose potential risks to ecosystems, food safety and human health ultimately. Regional researches on the long-term monitoring of heavy metals in a soil-rice grain system, changed with environmental policy adjustment, have been hindered by limited detailed data. In this study, we collected 169 paired paddy rice grain and corresponding soil samples from a former intensive electronic-waste dismantling region to survey the current status of heavy metal contamination, and to reveal the temporal trends over the past decade based on the previous data obtained in 2006 and 2011. Moderate contaminations of Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni were observed in soil currently. Furthermore, 20.7% of rice grain samples exceeded the Cd threshold value. Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb shared the similar spatial distribution pattern with higher concentrations in northwest, which were contrary to Cr, Ni and As. Risk assessment indicated that much attention is required for the carcinogenic risk of Cr, Cd and As and non-carcinogen risk of Cr. Combining the spatial distribution of heavy metals in soil and rice grains, and the potential ecological risks, with the human health risks, the middle-west rice paddies were identified and proposed as priority areas. Percentage of soil Pb, Cd and Zn decreased in most area and slightly increased in northwest and east. Cu decreased in southwest and increased in central part, while Ni slightly increased in the whole region between 2006 and 2016. With the scrutiny of strict environmental policy, Cd still remained relatively constant levels in soil and rice grains during the last decade, which confirmed that the heavy metals were persisted over the long duration. Target sustainable and ongoing green remediation methods should be adopted urgently in specific area to guarantee food safety and human health for local residents. Cadmium in a soil-rice grain system kept a constant level during the last decade and the middle-west was identified as a priority area based on the prediction of metal concentration, ecological risk and human health risk.
AB - Farmland soil heavy metal contamination could pose potential risks to ecosystems, food safety and human health ultimately. Regional researches on the long-term monitoring of heavy metals in a soil-rice grain system, changed with environmental policy adjustment, have been hindered by limited detailed data. In this study, we collected 169 paired paddy rice grain and corresponding soil samples from a former intensive electronic-waste dismantling region to survey the current status of heavy metal contamination, and to reveal the temporal trends over the past decade based on the previous data obtained in 2006 and 2011. Moderate contaminations of Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni were observed in soil currently. Furthermore, 20.7% of rice grain samples exceeded the Cd threshold value. Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb shared the similar spatial distribution pattern with higher concentrations in northwest, which were contrary to Cr, Ni and As. Risk assessment indicated that much attention is required for the carcinogenic risk of Cr, Cd and As and non-carcinogen risk of Cr. Combining the spatial distribution of heavy metals in soil and rice grains, and the potential ecological risks, with the human health risks, the middle-west rice paddies were identified and proposed as priority areas. Percentage of soil Pb, Cd and Zn decreased in most area and slightly increased in northwest and east. Cu decreased in southwest and increased in central part, while Ni slightly increased in the whole region between 2006 and 2016. With the scrutiny of strict environmental policy, Cd still remained relatively constant levels in soil and rice grains during the last decade, which confirmed that the heavy metals were persisted over the long duration. Target sustainable and ongoing green remediation methods should be adopted urgently in specific area to guarantee food safety and human health for local residents. Cadmium in a soil-rice grain system kept a constant level during the last decade and the middle-west was identified as a priority area based on the prediction of metal concentration, ecological risk and human health risk.
KW - Electronic waste
KW - Food safety
KW - Metal-contaminated soil
KW - Target remediation
KW - Temporal trend
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U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.070
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.070
M3 - Article
C2 - 30359925
AN - SCOPUS:85056158199
SN - 0269-7491
VL - 244
SP - 431
EP - 439
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
ER -