The characterization of mice with a targeted combined deficiency of protein C and factor XI

Joyce C.Y. Chan; Jorge G. Ganopolsky; Ivo Cornelissen; Mark A. Suckow; Mayra J. Sandoval-Cooper; Erica C. Brown; Francisco Noria; David Gailani; Elliot D. Rosen; Victoria A. Ploplis; Francis J. Castellino

doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63989-2

The characterization of mice with a targeted combined deficiency of protein C and factor XI

Joyce C.Y. Chan, Jorge G. Ganopolsky, Ivo Cornelissen, Mark A. Suckow, Mayra J. Sandoval-Cooper, Erica C. Brown, Francisco Noria, David Gailani, Elliot D. Rosen, Victoria A. Ploplis, Francis J. Castellino

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

32 Scopus citations

Abstract

Activated protein C functions directly as an anticoagulant and indirectly as a profibrinolytic enzyme. To determine whether the fibrin deposition previously observed in PC^-/- routine embryos and neonates was mediated through the FXI pathway, PC^+/-/FXI^-/- mice were generated and crossbred to produce double-deficient progeny (PC^-/-/FXI^-/-). PC^-/-/FXI^-/- mice survived the early lethality observed in the PC^-/-/FXI^+/+ neonates, with the oldest PC^-/-/FXI^-/- animal living to 3 months of age. However, the majority of these animals was sedentary and significantly growth-retarded. On sacrifice or natural death, all of these PC^-/-/FXI^-/- mice demonstrated massive systemic fibrin deposition with concomitant hemorrhage and fibrosis, as confirmed through histological analyses. Several of these animals also presented with enlarged lymph nodes and extensive lymphatic fluid in the thoracic cavity. Thus, although a number of the PC^-/-/FXI^-/- mice survived the lethal perinatal coagulopathy seen in the PC^-/- neonates, they nonetheless succumbed to overwhelming thrombotic disease in later life. This combined deficiency state provided the first clear indication that the course of a severe thrombotic disorder could be manipulated by blocking the intrinsic pathway and provided the first opportunity to study a total protein C deficiency in an adult animal.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	469-479
Number of pages	11
Journal	American Journal of Pathology
Volume	158
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63989-2
State	Published - Feb 2001

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Supported by National Institutes of Health grants HL-19982 (to F. J. C.) and HL-63682 (to V. A. P.), a grant from the W. M. Keck Foundation (to F. J. C.), and by the Kleiderer/Pezold Family Endowed Professorship (to F. J. C.).

Funding

Funders	Funder number
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)	R01HL063682

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Pathology and Forensic Medicine

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10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63989-2

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Chan, J. C. Y., Ganopolsky, J. G., Cornelissen, I., Suckow, M. A., Sandoval-Cooper, M. J., Brown, E. C., Noria, F., Gailani, D., Rosen, E. D., Ploplis, V. A., & Castellino, F. J. (2001). The characterization of mice with a targeted combined deficiency of protein C and factor XI. American Journal of Pathology, 158(2), 469-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63989-2

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title = "The characterization of mice with a targeted combined deficiency of protein C and factor XI",

abstract = "Activated protein C functions directly as an anticoagulant and indirectly as a profibrinolytic enzyme. To determine whether the fibrin deposition previously observed in PC-/- routine embryos and neonates was mediated through the FXI pathway, PC+/-/FXI-/- mice were generated and crossbred to produce double-deficient progeny (PC-/-/FXI-/-). PC-/-/FXI-/- mice survived the early lethality observed in the PC-/-/FXI+/+ neonates, with the oldest PC-/-/FXI-/- animal living to 3 months of age. However, the majority of these animals was sedentary and significantly growth-retarded. On sacrifice or natural death, all of these PC-/-/FXI-/- mice demonstrated massive systemic fibrin deposition with concomitant hemorrhage and fibrosis, as confirmed through histological analyses. Several of these animals also presented with enlarged lymph nodes and extensive lymphatic fluid in the thoracic cavity. Thus, although a number of the PC-/-/FXI-/- mice survived the lethal perinatal coagulopathy seen in the PC-/- neonates, they nonetheless succumbed to overwhelming thrombotic disease in later life. This combined deficiency state provided the first clear indication that the course of a severe thrombotic disorder could be manipulated by blocking the intrinsic pathway and provided the first opportunity to study a total protein C deficiency in an adult animal.",

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note = "Funding Information: Supported by National Institutes of Health grants HL-19982 (to F. J. C.) and HL-63682 (to V. A. P.), a grant from the W. M. Keck Foundation (to F. J. C.), and by the Kleiderer/Pezold Family Endowed Professorship (to F. J. C.). ",

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AU - Sandoval-Cooper, Mayra J.

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AU - Rosen, Elliot D.

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AU - Castellino, Francis J.

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N2 - Activated protein C functions directly as an anticoagulant and indirectly as a profibrinolytic enzyme. To determine whether the fibrin deposition previously observed in PC-/- routine embryos and neonates was mediated through the FXI pathway, PC+/-/FXI-/- mice were generated and crossbred to produce double-deficient progeny (PC-/-/FXI-/-). PC-/-/FXI-/- mice survived the early lethality observed in the PC-/-/FXI+/+ neonates, with the oldest PC-/-/FXI-/- animal living to 3 months of age. However, the majority of these animals was sedentary and significantly growth-retarded. On sacrifice or natural death, all of these PC-/-/FXI-/- mice demonstrated massive systemic fibrin deposition with concomitant hemorrhage and fibrosis, as confirmed through histological analyses. Several of these animals also presented with enlarged lymph nodes and extensive lymphatic fluid in the thoracic cavity. Thus, although a number of the PC-/-/FXI-/- mice survived the lethal perinatal coagulopathy seen in the PC-/- neonates, they nonetheless succumbed to overwhelming thrombotic disease in later life. This combined deficiency state provided the first clear indication that the course of a severe thrombotic disorder could be manipulated by blocking the intrinsic pathway and provided the first opportunity to study a total protein C deficiency in an adult animal.

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The characterization of mice with a targeted combined deficiency of protein C and factor XI

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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