Therapeutic indications and other use-case-driven updates in the drug ontology: Anti-malarials, anti-hypertensives, opioid analgesics, and a large term request

William R. Hogan; Josh Hanna; Amanda Hicks; Samira Amirova; Baxter Bramblett; Matthew Diller; Rodel Enderez; Timothy Modzelewski; Mirela Vasconcelos; Chris Delcher

doi:10.1186/s13326-017-0121-5

Therapeutic indications and other use-case-driven updates in the drug ontology: Anti-malarials, anti-hypertensives, opioid analgesics, and a large term request

William R. Hogan, Josh Hanna, Amanda Hicks, Samira Amirova, Baxter Bramblett, Matthew Diller, Rodel Enderez, Timothy Modzelewski, Mirela Vasconcelos, Chris Delcher

Pharmacy Practice and Science

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: The Drug Ontology (DrOn) is an OWL2-based representation of drug products and their ingredients, mechanisms of action, strengths, and dose forms. We originally created DrOn for use cases in comparative effectiveness research, primarily to identify historically complete sets of United States National Drug Codes (NDCs) that represent packaged drug products, by the ingredient(s), mechanism(s) of action, and so on contained in those products. Although we had designed DrOn from the outset to carefully distinguish those entities that have a therapeutic indication from those entities that have a molecular mechanism of action, we had not previously represented in DrOn any particular therapeutic indication. Results: In this work, we add therapeutic indications for three research use cases: resistant hypertension, malaria, and opioid abuse research. We also added mechanisms of action for opioid analgesics and added 108 classes representing drug products in response to a large term request from the Program for Resistance, Immunology, Surveillance and Modeling of Malaria in Uganda (PRISM) project. The net result is a new version of DrOn, current to May 2016, that represents three major therapeutic classes of drugs and six new mechanisms of action. Conclusions: A therapeutic indication of a drug product is represented as a therapeutic function in DrOn. Adverse effects of drug products, as well as other therapeutic uses for which the drug product was not designed are dispositions. Our work provides a framework for representing additional therapeutic indications, adverse effects, and uses of drug products beyond their design. Our work also validated our past modeling decisions for specific types of mechanisms of action, namely effects mediated via receptor and/or enzyme binding. DrOn is available at: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/dron.owl. A smaller version without NDCs is available at: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/dron/dron-lite.owl

Original language	English
Article number	10
Journal	Journal of Biomedical Semantics
Volume	8
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s13326-017-0121-5
State	Published - Mar 3 2017

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The Author(s).

Funding

This work was supported in part by the NIH/NCATS Clinical and Translational Science Awards to the University of Florida UL1 TR000064/UL1 TR001427 and by award CDRN-1501-26692 from the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of NIH/NCATS or PCORI.

Funders	Funder number
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)	UL1TR001427
Florida A and M University	CDRN-1501-26692, UL1 TR000064/UL1 TR001427

Keywords

Anti-hypertensive
Anti-malarial
Biomedical ontology
Disposition
Drug product
Function
Mechanism of action
Opioid analgesic
Patient centered outcomes research
Therapeutic indication

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Information Systems
Computer Science Applications
Health Informatics
Computer Networks and Communications

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1186/s13326-017-0121-5

Cite this

Hogan, W. R., Hanna, J., Hicks, A., Amirova, S., Bramblett, B., Diller, M., Enderez, R., Modzelewski, T., Vasconcelos, M., & Delcher, C. (2017). Therapeutic indications and other use-case-driven updates in the drug ontology: Anti-malarials, anti-hypertensives, opioid analgesics, and a large term request. Journal of Biomedical Semantics, 8(1), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13326-017-0121-5

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abstract = "Background: The Drug Ontology (DrOn) is an OWL2-based representation of drug products and their ingredients, mechanisms of action, strengths, and dose forms. We originally created DrOn for use cases in comparative effectiveness research, primarily to identify historically complete sets of United States National Drug Codes (NDCs) that represent packaged drug products, by the ingredient(s), mechanism(s) of action, and so on contained in those products. Although we had designed DrOn from the outset to carefully distinguish those entities that have a therapeutic indication from those entities that have a molecular mechanism of action, we had not previously represented in DrOn any particular therapeutic indication. Results: In this work, we add therapeutic indications for three research use cases: resistant hypertension, malaria, and opioid abuse research. We also added mechanisms of action for opioid analgesics and added 108 classes representing drug products in response to a large term request from the Program for Resistance, Immunology, Surveillance and Modeling of Malaria in Uganda (PRISM) project. The net result is a new version of DrOn, current to May 2016, that represents three major therapeutic classes of drugs and six new mechanisms of action. Conclusions: A therapeutic indication of a drug product is represented as a therapeutic function in DrOn. Adverse effects of drug products, as well as other therapeutic uses for which the drug product was not designed are dispositions. Our work provides a framework for representing additional therapeutic indications, adverse effects, and uses of drug products beyond their design. Our work also validated our past modeling decisions for specific types of mechanisms of action, namely effects mediated via receptor and/or enzyme binding. DrOn is available at: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/dron.owl. A smaller version without NDCs is available at: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/dron/dron-lite.owl",

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Hogan, WR, Hanna, J, Hicks, A, Amirova, S, Bramblett, B, Diller, M, Enderez, R, Modzelewski, T, Vasconcelos, M & Delcher, C 2017, 'Therapeutic indications and other use-case-driven updates in the drug ontology: Anti-malarials, anti-hypertensives, opioid analgesics, and a large term request', Journal of Biomedical Semantics, vol. 8, no. 1, 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13326-017-0121-5

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T2 - Anti-malarials, anti-hypertensives, opioid analgesics, and a large term request

AU - Hogan, William R.

AU - Hanna, Josh

AU - Hicks, Amanda

AU - Amirova, Samira

AU - Bramblett, Baxter

AU - Diller, Matthew

AU - Enderez, Rodel

AU - Modzelewski, Timothy

AU - Vasconcelos, Mirela

AU - Delcher, Chris

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N2 - Background: The Drug Ontology (DrOn) is an OWL2-based representation of drug products and their ingredients, mechanisms of action, strengths, and dose forms. We originally created DrOn for use cases in comparative effectiveness research, primarily to identify historically complete sets of United States National Drug Codes (NDCs) that represent packaged drug products, by the ingredient(s), mechanism(s) of action, and so on contained in those products. Although we had designed DrOn from the outset to carefully distinguish those entities that have a therapeutic indication from those entities that have a molecular mechanism of action, we had not previously represented in DrOn any particular therapeutic indication. Results: In this work, we add therapeutic indications for three research use cases: resistant hypertension, malaria, and opioid abuse research. We also added mechanisms of action for opioid analgesics and added 108 classes representing drug products in response to a large term request from the Program for Resistance, Immunology, Surveillance and Modeling of Malaria in Uganda (PRISM) project. The net result is a new version of DrOn, current to May 2016, that represents three major therapeutic classes of drugs and six new mechanisms of action. Conclusions: A therapeutic indication of a drug product is represented as a therapeutic function in DrOn. Adverse effects of drug products, as well as other therapeutic uses for which the drug product was not designed are dispositions. Our work provides a framework for representing additional therapeutic indications, adverse effects, and uses of drug products beyond their design. Our work also validated our past modeling decisions for specific types of mechanisms of action, namely effects mediated via receptor and/or enzyme binding. DrOn is available at: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/dron.owl. A smaller version without NDCs is available at: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/dron/dron-lite.owl

AB - Background: The Drug Ontology (DrOn) is an OWL2-based representation of drug products and their ingredients, mechanisms of action, strengths, and dose forms. We originally created DrOn for use cases in comparative effectiveness research, primarily to identify historically complete sets of United States National Drug Codes (NDCs) that represent packaged drug products, by the ingredient(s), mechanism(s) of action, and so on contained in those products. Although we had designed DrOn from the outset to carefully distinguish those entities that have a therapeutic indication from those entities that have a molecular mechanism of action, we had not previously represented in DrOn any particular therapeutic indication. Results: In this work, we add therapeutic indications for three research use cases: resistant hypertension, malaria, and opioid abuse research. We also added mechanisms of action for opioid analgesics and added 108 classes representing drug products in response to a large term request from the Program for Resistance, Immunology, Surveillance and Modeling of Malaria in Uganda (PRISM) project. The net result is a new version of DrOn, current to May 2016, that represents three major therapeutic classes of drugs and six new mechanisms of action. Conclusions: A therapeutic indication of a drug product is represented as a therapeutic function in DrOn. Adverse effects of drug products, as well as other therapeutic uses for which the drug product was not designed are dispositions. Our work provides a framework for representing additional therapeutic indications, adverse effects, and uses of drug products beyond their design. Our work also validated our past modeling decisions for specific types of mechanisms of action, namely effects mediated via receptor and/or enzyme binding. DrOn is available at: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/dron.owl. A smaller version without NDCs is available at: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/dron/dron-lite.owl

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Therapeutic indications and other use-case-driven updates in the drug ontology: Anti-malarials, anti-hypertensives, opioid analgesics, and a large term request

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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