This is fine: Using memes to examine resilience, coping, and community for sexual minority men and nonbinary individuals during COVID-19

Creative and humorous activism, both online and offline, has historically been important for queer communities during public health crises like the AIDS epidemic. Online activism and affinity became critical during the COVID-19 pandemic due to reduced in-person healthcare, social support, and resources. General functions of online meme humor expanded during COVID-19, including using dark humor and defining in-group political values and positions. In the current study, we used a convergent, mixed methods approach informed by COR theory and Photovoice methodology to examine the use of memes by sexual minority men and nonbinary individuals (SMMNI; N = 43) during COVID-19, including the role of memes in promoting humor, coping, and online community-building. We analyzed the content of participant-selected memes (n = 53), their experiences described in semi-structured interviews, and surveys about demography, online networks, and technology use and attitudes. Almost all memes contained text- and/or image-based humor, and most used dark humor. Participants' descriptions of memes during interviews hierarchically clustered in four distinct meme-related strategies: Validation-seeking, Community-seeking, Personal coping and social advocacy, and Systemic advocacy. Current study findings have implications for community healthcare praxis and research, including the importance of participatory research, intervention development in collaboration with queer communities, and online resources to improve public health and health literacy.