Ultraviolet-induced phosphorylation of p70S6K at Thr389 and Thr421/Ser424 involves hydrogen peroxide and mammalian target of rapamycin but not Akt and atypical protein kinase C

Chuanshu Huang, Jingxia Li, Qingdong Ke, Stephen S. Leonard, Bing Hua Jiang, Xiao Song Zhong, Max Costa, Vincent Castranova, Xianglin Shi

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

72 Scopus citations

Abstract

The p70 S6 kinase (p70S6k) is a Ser/Thr kinase that plays an important role in cell growth, transformation, and the transition of the cell cycle in mammalian cells. Because UV radiation has been reported to induce activation of p70S6k, which is believed to play some role in the carcinogenic effects of sun exposure, the present study investigated the signaling pathways involved in this activation induced by UV radiation in mouse epidermal JB6 C141 cells. Exposure of cells to UV radiation led to marked increases in p70S6k activity and phosphorylation at Thr389 and Thr421/Ser424. UV radiation also generated reactive oxygen species as measured by electron spin resonance and by H2O2 and O2. Fluorescence staining assays in JB6 Cl 41 cells. The scavenging of UV-generated H2O2 by N-acety-L-cyteine (a general antioxidant) or catalase (a specific H2O2 scavenger) inhibited p70S6k phosphorylation at Thr389 and Thr421/Ser424, whereas pretreatment of cells with sodium formate (an ·OH radical scavenger) or superoxide dismutase (an O2, radical scavenger) did not show any inhibitory effects. Importantly, UV-induced increases in p70S6k phosphorylation at Thr389 and Thr421/Ser424 were dramatically inhibited by pretreatment of cells with rapamycin, LY294002, or PD98059, whereas overexpression of dominant-negative mutants of PKCλ/ι and Akt1 did not inhibit p70S6k phosphorylation at Thr389 and Thr421/Ser424. These results demonstrated that H2O2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and mammalian target of rapamycin were important players for UV-induced p70S6k phosphorylation at Thr389 and Thr421/Ser424, whereas Akt and atypical protein kinase C were not involved in this activation. The role of H202 in p70S6k phosphorylation at Thr389 and Thr421/Ser424 was further supported by the findings that treatment of cells with H2O2 also caused p70S6k phosphorylation at Thr389 and Thr421/Ser424.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)5689-5697
Number of pages9
JournalCancer Research
Volume62
Issue number20
StatePublished - Oct 15 2002

Funding

FundersFunder number
National Childhood Cancer Registry – National Cancer InstituteP30CA016087

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Oncology
    • Cancer Research

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