Unearthing Modes of Climatic Adaptation in Underground Storage Organs Across Liliales

Carrie M. Tribble, Michael R. May, Abigail Jackson-Gain, Rosana Zenil-Ferguson, Chelsea D. Specht, Carl J. Rothfels

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

Testing adaptive hypotheses about how continuous traits evolve in association with developmentally structured discrete traits, while accounting for the confounding influence of other, hidden, evolutionary forces, remains a challenge in evolutionary biology. For example, geophytes are herbaceous plants - with underground buds - that use underground storage organs (USOs) to survive extended periods of unfavorable conditions. Such plants have evolved multiple times independently across all major vascular plant lineages. Even within closely related lineages, however, geophytes show impressive variation in the morphological modifications and structures (i.e.,"types"of USOs) that allow them to survive underground. Despite the developmental and structural complexity of USOs, the prevailing hypothesis is that they represent convergent evolutionary "solutions"to a common ecological problem, though some recent research has drawn this conclusion into question. We extend existing phylogenetic comparative methods to test for links between the hierarchical discrete morphological traits associated with USOs and adaptation to environmental variables, using a phylogeny of 621 species in Liliales. We found that plants with different USO types do not differ in climatic niche more than expected by chance, with the exception of root morphology, where modified roots are associated with lower temperature seasonality. These findings suggest that root tubers may reflect adaptations to different climatic conditions than those represented by other types of USOs. Thus, the tissue type and developmental origin of the USO structure may influence the way it mediates ecological relationships, which draws into question the appropriateness of ascribing broad ecological patterns uniformly across geophytic taxa. This work provides a new framework for testing adaptive hypotheses and for linking ecological patterns across morphologically varying taxa while accounting for developmental (non-independent) relationships in morphological data.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)198-212
Number of pages15
JournalSystematic Biology
Volume72
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s).

Keywords

  • Climatic niche evolution
  • geophytes
  • imperfect correspondence
  • macroevolution

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Genetics
  • Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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