Update on tetralogy of fallot for the adult cardiologist including a brief historical and surgical perspective

There has been a steady rise in the prevalence of severe congenital heart disease (CHD) in adults because of improved treatment and survival during childhood. This has resulted in a shift in CHD morbidity and mortality beyond 18 years of age. The healthcare community must be prepared to meet this new challenge. Adult cardiologists need to be aware of common CHD, such as tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), as they will encounter adults with this CHD in their practice. With routine monitoring, cardiac imaging, early intervention, and treatment as highlighted in this report, continued improvement in the long-term fitness and avoidance of late complications for adult TOF patient is anticipated.