TY - JOUR
T1 - ViCTORIA project
T2 - The LOFAR-MeerKAT view of active galactic nuclei in Virgo cluster early-Type galaxies
AU - Spasic, A.
AU - Edler, H. W.
AU - Su, Y.
AU - Brüggen, M.
AU - De Gasperin, F.
AU - Pasini, T.
AU - Heesen, V.
AU - Simonte, M.
AU - Boselli, A.
AU - Röttgering, H. J.A.
AU - Fossati, M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Authors 2024.
PY - 2024/10/1
Y1 - 2024/10/1
N2 - Context. The evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is closely connected to their host galaxies and surroundings. Via feedback processes, AGNs can counteract the cooling of the intracluster medium (ICM) and suppress star formation in their host galaxies. Radio observations at low frequencies provide a glimpse into the history of AGN activity. The Virgo cluster is a substantial reservoir of nearby galaxies and provides an ideal laboratory for the study of AGNs as well as their feedback mechanisms. Aims. The aim of our work is to characterise the AGN population within the Virgo cluster down to low radio luminosities, constrain the AGN duty cycle, and investigate environmental feedback in cluster member galaxies. Methods. We analysed 144 MHz and 1.3 GHz radio observations of early-Type galaxies from the ACS Virgo Cluster Survey (ACSVCS) taken with LOFAR and MeerKAT. Results. We detect 12 of these galaxies at 144 MHz, five of which show clearly extended radio emission. The radio luminosity shows a strong dependence on the stellar mass of the host galaxy, in agreement with previous results. As a notable outlier, the massive elliptical galaxy NGC 4365 (M∗=2.2-1011M1) is not detected as compact source in the LOFAR observations. Instead, it is surrounded by diffuse, low-surface brightness emission, which hints towards a past phase of stronger nuclear activity. Furthermore, we find a cavity in NGC 4472 (=M 49) inflated by the wide-Angle tail only visible in the LOFAR data, which implies that the cavity was created by a past outburst. The corresponding cavity power is of the same order of magnitude as the jet power in the present duty cycle of the AGN.
AB - Context. The evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is closely connected to their host galaxies and surroundings. Via feedback processes, AGNs can counteract the cooling of the intracluster medium (ICM) and suppress star formation in their host galaxies. Radio observations at low frequencies provide a glimpse into the history of AGN activity. The Virgo cluster is a substantial reservoir of nearby galaxies and provides an ideal laboratory for the study of AGNs as well as their feedback mechanisms. Aims. The aim of our work is to characterise the AGN population within the Virgo cluster down to low radio luminosities, constrain the AGN duty cycle, and investigate environmental feedback in cluster member galaxies. Methods. We analysed 144 MHz and 1.3 GHz radio observations of early-Type galaxies from the ACS Virgo Cluster Survey (ACSVCS) taken with LOFAR and MeerKAT. Results. We detect 12 of these galaxies at 144 MHz, five of which show clearly extended radio emission. The radio luminosity shows a strong dependence on the stellar mass of the host galaxy, in agreement with previous results. As a notable outlier, the massive elliptical galaxy NGC 4365 (M∗=2.2-1011M1) is not detected as compact source in the LOFAR observations. Instead, it is surrounded by diffuse, low-surface brightness emission, which hints towards a past phase of stronger nuclear activity. Furthermore, we find a cavity in NGC 4472 (=M 49) inflated by the wide-Angle tail only visible in the LOFAR data, which implies that the cavity was created by a past outburst. The corresponding cavity power is of the same order of magnitude as the jet power in the present duty cycle of the AGN.
KW - CD
KW - Galaxies: Active
KW - Galaxies: clusters: individual: Virgo
KW - Galaxies: elliptical and lenticular
KW - Galaxies: jets
KW - Radiation mechanisms: non-Thermal
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U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202450365
DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202450365
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85203499313
SN - 0004-6361
VL - 690
JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics
M1 - A195
ER -