Weighted analysis of 2′-fucosyllactose, 3-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-tetraose, 3′-sialyllactose, and 6′-sialyllactose concentrations in human milk

Dietrich B. Conze, Claire L. Kruger, Jennifer M. Symonds, Robert Lodder, Yannik B. Schönknecht, Manki Ho, Sami M. Derya, Julia Parkot, Katja Parschat

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Over 150 human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been identified and their concentrations in human milk vary depending on Secretor and Lewis blood group status, environmental and geographical factors, lactation stage, gestational period, and maternal health. Quantitation of HMOs in human milk has been the focus of numerous studies, however, comprehensive and weighted statistical analyses of their levels in human milk are lacking. Therefore, weighted means, standard deviations, medians, interquartile ranges, and 90th percentiles for 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL) and 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL) were calculated using random sampling and the levels of these HMOs in human milk reported in the literature. Probability distributions of the reported levels were also constructed. Although the levels reported in the published studies varied, the weighted means for 2′-FL, 3-FL, LNT, 3′-SL, and 6′-SL were calculated to be 2.58, 0.57, 0.94, 0.28, and 0.39 g/L, respectively, which are consistent with those that have been previously determined in other systematic analyses. Likely due to the use of weighting, the 90th percentiles were greater than the 95% confidence limits that have been previously calculated. Our study therefore provides accurate and important statistical data to help support the level of appropriate HMO supplementation in infant formula.

Original languageEnglish
Article number112877
JournalFood and Chemical Toxicology
Volume163
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022

Keywords

  • 2′-Fucosyllactose
  • 3-Fucosyllactose
  • 3′-Sialyllactose
  • 6′-Sialyllactose
  • Human milk oligosaccharides
  • Lacto-N-tetraose
  • Random sampling
  • Systematic review

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Food Science
  • Toxicology

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