TY - JOUR
T1 - Weighted analysis of 2′-fucosyllactose, 3-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-tetraose, 3′-sialyllactose, and 6′-sialyllactose concentrations in human milk
AU - Conze, Dietrich B.
AU - Kruger, Claire L.
AU - Symonds, Jennifer M.
AU - Lodder, Robert
AU - Schönknecht, Yannik B.
AU - Ho, Manki
AU - Derya, Sami M.
AU - Parkot, Julia
AU - Parschat, Katja
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - Over 150 human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been identified and their concentrations in human milk vary depending on Secretor and Lewis blood group status, environmental and geographical factors, lactation stage, gestational period, and maternal health. Quantitation of HMOs in human milk has been the focus of numerous studies, however, comprehensive and weighted statistical analyses of their levels in human milk are lacking. Therefore, weighted means, standard deviations, medians, interquartile ranges, and 90th percentiles for 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL) and 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL) were calculated using random sampling and the levels of these HMOs in human milk reported in the literature. Probability distributions of the reported levels were also constructed. Although the levels reported in the published studies varied, the weighted means for 2′-FL, 3-FL, LNT, 3′-SL, and 6′-SL were calculated to be 2.58, 0.57, 0.94, 0.28, and 0.39 g/L, respectively, which are consistent with those that have been previously determined in other systematic analyses. Likely due to the use of weighting, the 90th percentiles were greater than the 95% confidence limits that have been previously calculated. Our study therefore provides accurate and important statistical data to help support the level of appropriate HMO supplementation in infant formula.
AB - Over 150 human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been identified and their concentrations in human milk vary depending on Secretor and Lewis blood group status, environmental and geographical factors, lactation stage, gestational period, and maternal health. Quantitation of HMOs in human milk has been the focus of numerous studies, however, comprehensive and weighted statistical analyses of their levels in human milk are lacking. Therefore, weighted means, standard deviations, medians, interquartile ranges, and 90th percentiles for 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL) and 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL) were calculated using random sampling and the levels of these HMOs in human milk reported in the literature. Probability distributions of the reported levels were also constructed. Although the levels reported in the published studies varied, the weighted means for 2′-FL, 3-FL, LNT, 3′-SL, and 6′-SL were calculated to be 2.58, 0.57, 0.94, 0.28, and 0.39 g/L, respectively, which are consistent with those that have been previously determined in other systematic analyses. Likely due to the use of weighting, the 90th percentiles were greater than the 95% confidence limits that have been previously calculated. Our study therefore provides accurate and important statistical data to help support the level of appropriate HMO supplementation in infant formula.
KW - 2′-Fucosyllactose
KW - 3-Fucosyllactose
KW - 3′-Sialyllactose
KW - 6′-Sialyllactose
KW - Human milk oligosaccharides
KW - Lacto-N-tetraose
KW - Random sampling
KW - Systematic review
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U2 - 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112877
DO - 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112877
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35304182
AN - SCOPUS:85127054292
SN - 0278-6915
VL - 163
JO - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology
M1 - 112877
ER -