An overview of Madelung deformity

Madelung deformity is a rare deformity of the upper extremity that causes pain, decreased range of motion, and altered cosmesis of the wrist. Although its exact etiology still remains unknown, research has linked the disease with a genetic basis and other associated conditions. Once this condition is diagnosed, checking for these associated conditions is needed in addition to a treatment plan. The treatment plan can be aided by recent studies that looked at both radiographic measurements and MRI to define the anatomy of the deformity. Recent studies also have focused on corrective osteotomies of both the radius and ulna, isolated procedures of the ulna, Ilizarov correction, and total distal radioulnar joint arthroplasty. The purpose of this review was to provide insight into the current literature regarding the complex nature of Madelung deformity, its etiology and associated conditions and the updates on types of treatment.