Assessing opinions and barriers to providing evidence-based tobacco treatment among health care providers within an in-patient psychiatric facility

Background: Tobacco-related morbidity and mortality is high among people with mental illnesses (PMI); yet tobacco treatment (TT) is often not provided by mental health care providers (MHPs). Studies that examine barriers to TT for people with MI are critical in addressing this disparity. Aims: To determine factors associated with MHPs’ opinions of, self-efficacy in, barriers to and training needs for providing TT by job role. Methods: 205 MHPs in a psychiatric facility were surveyed using a standardized questionnaire on demographics and opinions, self-efficacy, barriers and needs to providing TT. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses examined factors associated with the main outcomes. Results: MHP’s gave high ratings to both the appropriateness of delivering evidence-based TT and their confidence in providing TT medications. In regards to perceived barriers to providing TT, MHP’s further endorsed that patients should be provided nicotine replacement therapy and be motivated to engage in TT. Key needs were for training in cessation counseling, cessation materials and community support for TT. Conclusions: Based on our findings, future studies are needed to address providers’ biases and concerns, eliminate system-barriers and determine effective provider training. Moreover, these findings may guide research, practice and policies toward enhancing TT in PMI.