Biomass supply, demand, and markets

Utilization of biomass as a source of fuels and chemicals is a critical challenge facing the world. However, the decisions facing stakeholders such as producers, growers, regulators and investors are complex. For example, due to its low energy density, the cost of transportation has been a major obstacle for the development of a nationwide network of integrated biorefineries. Additionally, the supply of biomass suitable for conversion to energy, fuels and chemical products varies from region to region. This chapter specifically addresses the key drivers for biomass supply, demand and markets, including future trends. Integrated decision support tools such as discrete event simulation and mix integer non-linear programming are also addressed. Sources for further information are also included with this chapter.