Changes in mitochondrial homeostasis and redox status in astronauts following long stays in space

Hiroko P. Indo; Hideyuki J. Majima; Masahiro Terada; Shigeaki Suenaga; Kazuo Tomita; Shin Yamada; Akira Higashibata; Noriaki Ishioka; Takuro Kanekura; Ikuya Nonaka; Clare L. Hawkins; Michael J. Davies; Daret K.St Clair; Chiaki Mukai

doi:10.1038/srep39015

Changes in mitochondrial homeostasis and redox status in astronauts following long stays in space

Hiroko P. Indo
, Hideyuki J. Majima
, Masahiro Terada
, Shigeaki Suenaga
, Kazuo Tomita
, Shin Yamada
, Akira Higashibata
, Noriaki Ishioka
, Takuro Kanekura
, Ikuya Nonaka
, Clare L. Hawkins
, Michael J. Davies
, Daret K.St Clair
, Chiaki Mukai

Producción científica: Article › revisión exhaustiva

34 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

The effects of long-term exposure to extreme space conditions on astronauts were investigated by analyzing hair samples from ten astronauts who had spent six months on the International Space Station (ISS). Two samples were collected before, during and after their stays in the ISS; hereafter, referred to as Preflight, Inflight and Postflight, respectively. The ratios of mitochondrial (mt) to nuclear (n) DNA and mtRNA to nRNA were analyzed via quantitative PCR. The combined data of Preflight, Inflight and Postflight show a significant reduction in the mtDNA/nDNA in Inflight, and significant reductions in the mtRNA/nRNA ratios in both the Inflight and Postflight samples. The mtRNA/mtDNA ratios were relatively constant, except in the Postflight samples. Using the same samples, the expression of redox and signal transduction related genes, MnSOD, CuZnSOD, Nrf2, Keap1, GPx4 and Catalase was also examined. The results of the combined data from Preflight, Inflight and Postflight show a significant decrease in the expression of all of the redox-related genes in the samples collected Postflight, with the exception of Catalase, which show no change. This decreased expression may contribute to increased oxidative stress Inflight resulting in the mitochondrial damage that is apparent Postflight.

Idioma original	English
Número de artículo	39015
Publicación	Scientific Reports
Volumen	6
N.º	1
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1038/srep39015
Estado	Published - dic 23 2016

Nota bibliográfica

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016, The Author(s).

Financiación

This study was supported in part by the JAXA-ISS Space Medicine Program Grant from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. The authors gratefully thank the astronaut who took part in this study, especially Dr. Satoshi Furukawa of JAXA who provided encouragement to complete this study, and Professor John Tremarco of Kagoshima University for his help and guidance during the preparation of this manuscript. Ethics Statement. This study was carried out in accordance with the guidelines approved by the Committee on Human Care and Use by the NASA and JAXA Ethical Review Board and the Human Research Multilateral Review Board (HRMRB). All participants provided written informed consent.

Financiadores	Número del financiador
Human Research Multilateral Review Board
JAXA-ISS Space Medicine
National Childhood Cancer Registry – National Cancer Institute	P30CA177558
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science	16K11513
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General

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Indo, H. P., Majima, H. J., Terada, M., Suenaga, S., Tomita, K., Yamada, S., Higashibata, A., Ishioka, N., Kanekura, T., Nonaka, I., Hawkins, C. L., Davies, M. J., Clair, D. K. S., & Mukai, C. (2016). Changes in mitochondrial homeostasis and redox status in astronauts following long stays in space. Scientific Reports, 6(1), Artículo 39015. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep39015

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abstract = "The effects of long-term exposure to extreme space conditions on astronauts were investigated by analyzing hair samples from ten astronauts who had spent six months on the International Space Station (ISS). Two samples were collected before, during and after their stays in the ISS; hereafter, referred to as Preflight, Inflight and Postflight, respectively. The ratios of mitochondrial (mt) to nuclear (n) DNA and mtRNA to nRNA were analyzed via quantitative PCR. The combined data of Preflight, Inflight and Postflight show a significant reduction in the mtDNA/nDNA in Inflight, and significant reductions in the mtRNA/nRNA ratios in both the Inflight and Postflight samples. The mtRNA/mtDNA ratios were relatively constant, except in the Postflight samples. Using the same samples, the expression of redox and signal transduction related genes, MnSOD, CuZnSOD, Nrf2, Keap1, GPx4 and Catalase was also examined. The results of the combined data from Preflight, Inflight and Postflight show a significant decrease in the expression of all of the redox-related genes in the samples collected Postflight, with the exception of Catalase, which show no change. This decreased expression may contribute to increased oxidative stress Inflight resulting in the mitochondrial damage that is apparent Postflight.",

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AU - Tomita, Kazuo

AU - Yamada, Shin

AU - Higashibata, Akira

AU - Ishioka, Noriaki

AU - Kanekura, Takuro

AU - Nonaka, Ikuya

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Changes in mitochondrial homeostasis and redox status in astronauts following long stays in space

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