Construction 4.0: A roadmap to shaping the future of construction

The construction industry is forecast to grow from its already impressive size to unprecedented new heights. This significant expansion, along with the increased complexity and sophistication of construction projects, has placed more pressure on construction companies to maintain their vitality and grow in the modern market. As the fourth wave of technological advancements, known as Industry 4.0, continues to evolve, it becomes imperative for construction companies to adopt new technology to remain competitive-much like the Darwinian mantra, the companies must adapt or die. Although the construction industry is often labeled as conservative regarding potential advancements in technology, it has been experiencing a growing use of a wide range of 4.0 technologies. Using insights gained from the existing literature, this paper explores the current state of Construction 4.0 and discusses a four-layer implementation of Construction 4.0 in the industry. Seven Construction 4.0 technologies are first discussed, their integration throughout the project lifecycle is presented in a roadmap, their integration and connectivity with one another are outlined in an interaction roadmap, and the requirements necessary for achieving the 4.0 transformation are articulated. A case study is finally presented to showcase the proposed implementation plan.