Current methods of power conversion efficiency optimization for perovskite solar cells

Third generation perovskite solar panel technology is one of the most popular areas of research in photovoltaics because of their exceptional qualities such as high optical absorption coefficients, high charge mobility, broad spectrum absorption, and high charge carrier density. Optimizing power conversion efficiency of perovskites is critical for commercial use of perovskite solar panel technology. Various electrochemical and fabrication strategies are currently being researched in order to optimize power conversion efficiency and minimize energy loss. There are current results which suggest the addition of particular ions in the perovskite crystal have a positive impact on the power conversion efficiency. The qualities of the cell such as crystallinity, defects, and grain size play important roles in the electrical properties of the cell. Along with the quality of the perovskite crystal, its interfacing with the transport layers plays a critical role in the operation of the device. This paper investigates the current methods in power conversion efficiency optimization. We also examine the sources of energy loss in the perovskite and passivation methods. By continuing the upward trend in enhanced power conversion efficiency, commercial perovskite solar panels will be a near future reality, thereby transforming our energy infrastructure.