Education does not protect cognitive function from brain pathology in the ADNI 2 cohort

Christopher E. Bauer; Christopher A. Brown; Brian T. Gold

doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.11.017

Education does not protect cognitive function from brain pathology in the ADNI 2 cohort

Christopher E. Bauer, Christopher A. Brown, Brian T. Gold

Neuroscience

Producción científica: Article › revisión exhaustiva

15 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

Educational attainment is widely accepted as a cognitive reserve variable. However, few studies have demonstrated that education statistically moderates the effects of pathology on cognition. Here, we explored this issue in a sample of 441 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort who had AD markers (Aβ₄₂, tau, structural brain volumes) at baseline and underwent cognitive testing at baseline and at 6-month, 12-month, and 24-month time points. An AD-related biomarker (atrophy/pathology) composite at baseline was developed using stepwise backward linear regression. Potential moderation effects of education on the relationship between AD biomarkers and cognition were explored using linear mixed models. Education was positively correlated with cognition, and biomarkers were negatively correlated with cognition, across domains and diagnostic groups. However, education generally did not moderate the effects of biomarkers on baseline or longitudinal cognition. Our results do not support the hypothesis that education protects cognitive function from brain pathology in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort, questioning its accepted status as a reserve variable.

Idioma original	English
Páginas (desde-hasta)	147-149
Número de páginas	3
Publicación	Neurobiology of Aging
Volumen	90
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.11.017
Estado	Published - jun 2020

Nota bibliográfica

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Financiación

ADNI is funded by the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, and through generous contributions from the following: AbbVie, Alzheimer's Association; Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation; Araclon Biotech; BioClinica, Inc; Biogen; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; CereSpir, Inc; Cogstate; Eisai Inc; Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc; Eli Lilly and Company; EuroImmun; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and its affiliated company Genentech, Inc; Fujirebio; GE Healthcare; IXICO Ltd; Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research & Development, LLC; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC; Lumosity; Lundbeck; Merck & Co., Inc; Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC; NeuroRx Research; Neurotrack Technologies; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Pfizer Inc; Piramal Imaging; Servier; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company; and Transition Therapeutics. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research is providing funds to support ADNI clinical sites in Canada. Private sector contributions are facilitated by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health ( www.fnih.org ). The grantee organization is the Northern California Institute for Research and Education, and the study is coordinated by the Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute at the University of Southern California. ADNI data are disseminated by the Laboratory for Neuro Imaging at the University of Southern California. This work was supported by the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) ( National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904 ) and DOD ADNI ( Department of Defense award number W81XWH-12-2–0012 ) and the National Institutes of Health (R01 AG055449). Appendix A ADNI is funded by the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, and through generous contributions from the following: AbbVie, Alzheimer's Association; Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation; Araclon Biotech; BioClinica, Inc; Biogen; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; CereSpir, Inc; Cogstate; Eisai Inc; Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc; Eli Lilly and Company; EuroImmun; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and its affiliated company Genentech, Inc; Fujirebio; GE Healthcare; IXICO Ltd; Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research & Development, LLC; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC; Lumosity; Lundbeck; Merck & Co. Inc; Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC; NeuroRx Research; Neurotrack Technologies; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Pfizer Inc; Piramal Imaging; Servier; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company; and Transition Therapeutics. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research is providing funds to support ADNI clinical sites in Canada. Private sector contributions are facilitated by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (www.fnih.org). The grantee organization is the Northern California Institute for Research and Education, and the study is coordinated by the Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute at the University of Southern California. ADNI data are disseminated by the Laboratory for Neuro Imaging at the University of Southern California. This work was supported by the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904) and DOD ADNI (Department of Defense award number W81XWH-12-2–0012) and the National Institutes of Health (R01 AG055449).

Financiadores	Número del financiador
ADNI clinical sites in Canada
Araclon Biotech
DOD ADNI
Euroimmun
IXICO Ltd.
Lumosity
Merck
NeuroRx Research
Neurotrack Technologies
Pfizer Inc.
Piramal Imaging
Transition Therapeutics
National Institutes of Health (NIH)	U01 AG024904
U.S. Department of Defense	W81XWH-12-2–0012, R01 AG055449
Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Aging	R01AG055449
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
Alzheimer's Association
Bristol-Myers Squibb
Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation
Eli Lilly and Company
Genentech Incorporated
Roche Canada
Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America Inc
Biogen IDEC
University of Southern California
AbbVie
GE Healthcare
Meso Scale Diagnostics
DoD Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
BioClinica Inc.
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
Northern California Institute for Research and Education
Fujirebio Inc.
Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Elan Corporation
Eisai
Servier Institute
H. Lundbeck A/S

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Neuroscience
Aging
Clinical Neurology
Developmental Biology
Geriatrics and Gerontology

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title = "Education does not protect cognitive function from brain pathology in the ADNI 2 cohort",

abstract = "Educational attainment is widely accepted as a cognitive reserve variable. However, few studies have demonstrated that education statistically moderates the effects of pathology on cognition. Here, we explored this issue in a sample of 441 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort who had AD markers (Aβ42, tau, structural brain volumes) at baseline and underwent cognitive testing at baseline and at 6-month, 12-month, and 24-month time points. An AD-related biomarker (atrophy/pathology) composite at baseline was developed using stepwise backward linear regression. Potential moderation effects of education on the relationship between AD biomarkers and cognition were explored using linear mixed models. Education was positively correlated with cognition, and biomarkers were negatively correlated with cognition, across domains and diagnostic groups. However, education generally did not moderate the effects of biomarkers on baseline or longitudinal cognition. Our results do not support the hypothesis that education protects cognitive function from brain pathology in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort, questioning its accepted status as a reserve variable.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.11.017",

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Education does not protect cognitive function from brain pathology in the ADNI 2 cohort

Resumen

Nota bibliográfica

Financiación

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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