Evaluating Positive Person-Environment Variables and Overall Health as Parallel Mediators for the Relationship Between Core Self-Evaluations and Subjective Well-being in People With Multiple Sclerosis

Kanako Iwanaga; Fong Chan; Susan M. Smedema; Phillip Rumrill; Jia Rung Wu; Patricia Zapata; Deborah Lee; Xiangli Chen

doi:10.1177/00343552251349515

Evaluating Positive Person-Environment Variables and Overall Health as Parallel Mediators for the Relationship Between Core Self-Evaluations and Subjective Well-being in People With Multiple Sclerosis

Kanako Iwanaga
, Fong Chan
, Susan M. Smedema
, Phillip Rumrill
, Jia Rung Wu
, Patricia Zapata
, Deborah Lee
, Xiangli Chen

Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

Producción científica: Article › revisión exhaustiva

Resumen

Core self-evaluation (CSE) is a higher-order personality construct comprising traits like self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability. It reflects fundamental beliefs about one’s self-worth, abilities, sense of control, and overall capability. CSE is a well-documented positive person-environment (P-E) variable in rehabilitation counseling research, linked to subjective well-being (SWB) among college students with disabilities, individuals with spinal cord injuries, and those with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, mechanisms behind the CSE-SWB relationship are not well understood. This study hypothesized that positive P-E variables such as hope, resilience, coping ability, health, and social support mediate the CSE-SWB relationship. Using a sample of individuals with MS, parallel mediation analysis showed all positive P-E variables were significantly associated with both CSE and SWB at the zero-order correlation level. However, the effect of hope, resilience, and coping ability on SWB dissipated after accounting for CSE, while social support and overall health remained significantly related to SWB in the model. These findings suggest that while hope, resilience, and coping ability contribute to CSE, health and social support are significant mediators of the CSE-SWB relationship. This research informs the development of CSE interventions to improve the health, well-being, and employment outcomes of people with MS.

Idioma original	English
Publicación	Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1177/00343552251349515
Estado	Accepted/In press - 2025

Nota bibliográfica

Publisher Copyright:
© Hammill Institute on Disabilities 2025

Financiación

Social support has also been shown to be a significant protective factor for physical, mental, social health, and SWB of people with MS (; ). The PROMIS funded by the National Institute of Health defines social support as informational support, instrumental support, and emotional support (). Research has suggested that social support is a protective factor against anxiety and depression and a facilitator of SWB for people with MS (). Fostering social support may involve structured group interventions (e.g., support groups), leveraging digital platforms for peer interactions, and training caregivers to better address the emotional needs of individuals with MS. Educational workshops designed for caregivers and family members can enhance their roles as critical sources of instrumental and emotional support. In addition, clinicians could use validated scales, such as the PROMIS Social Support Scale, to identify gaps in patients’ support systems and deliver targeted intervention plans. Funding of this study was provided by the Virginia Commonwealth University, College of Health Professions, Dean’s seed funding initiatives grant.

Financiadores
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Virginia Commonwealth University

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Rehabilitation
Applied Psychology
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

ODS de las Naciones Unidas

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10.1177/00343552251349515

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Iwanaga, K., Chan, F., Smedema, S. M., Rumrill, P., Wu, J. R., Zapata, P., Lee, D., & Chen, X. (Aceptado/En prensa). Evaluating Positive Person-Environment Variables and Overall Health as Parallel Mediators for the Relationship Between Core Self-Evaluations and Subjective Well-being in People With Multiple Sclerosis. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/00343552251349515

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AU - Smedema, Susan M.

AU - Rumrill, Phillip

AU - Wu, Jia Rung

AU - Zapata, Patricia

AU - Lee, Deborah

AU - Chen, Xiangli

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