Large recurrent plexiform neurofibroma of the foot and ankle

Plexiform neurofibroma often causes significant pain, deformity, and functional problems in the affected part of the body. Surgical management of the condition can be challenging, and local recurrence is common because of inadequate resection of the tumor. One patient with a large recurrent plexiform neurofibroma of the foot and ankle was treated successfully with a complete resection of the tumor, followed by a free latissimus dorsi muscle transfer with a skin graft for soft-tissue reconstruction. The patient has regained good contour of the foot and ankle, and has been symptom-free with no evidence of local recurrence in the affected area for 18 months. The authors believe that thorough preoperative planning and state-of-the-art reconstructions, as described here, are the keys to their success.