Private Lightweight Blockchain and Edge Computing for Secure Data Transfer Using Byzantine Fault Tolerance in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

Blockchain based Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) eventhough secure are not suitable for real-time implementation because they are resource intensive. This work addresses the challenges associated with blockchain-based VANETs and offers a resilient framework for secure V2X communication a private lightweight blockchain and edge computing based solution for secure data transfer in VANETs. Using Basic Safety Message (BSM) data, this system employs a private blockchain with Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) for enhanced security and integrity. The proposed architecture integrates roadside units, smart contracts, and a comprehensive intrusion detection mechanism to identify anomalies and faulty nodes (vehicles). The system is designed with scalability, latency, and mining time as core evaluation metrics so that it ensures robust performance in dynamic vehicular environments. Furthermore, we used pruning to improve the mining efficiency as edge devices have limited resources. Simulation results performed on Raspberry Pi5 demonstrate the time required to mine blocks and the impact of faulty nodes.