Retraction: Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor/p38/hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α is pivotal for angiogenesis and tumorigenesis of malignantly transformed cells induced by hexavalent chromium (Journal of Biological Chemistry (2016) 291 (16271–16281) DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M116.715797)

This article has been retracted by the publisher. Young-Ok Son agrees with the retraction. Youn-hee Park and Leonard Yenwong Fai could not be reached. The University of Kentucky identified that figure components in Figs. 2 (H and I) and 6B had incomplete metadata, such as camera system, date, metering mode, and subject distance. Exposure times were not associated with the data. Without recorded exposure times, the validity of comparing protein expression in panels b and e for Fig. 2H; panels b, e, and h for Fig. 2I; and panel b for Fig. 6B cannot be confirmed. In addition, the Journal determined the following. The image of HUVECs treated with conditioned medium from BEAS-2B-Cr cells in Fig. 1A was reused in Figs. 3B and 5B, representing different experimental conditions. The image from Fig. 1B showing a chick embryo exposed to BEAS-2B-Cr cells was reused in Fig. 3C, representing different experimental conditions. The image of the Matrigel plug containing BEAS-2B-Cr cells in Fig. 1C was reused in Figs. 3D and 5C, representing different experimental conditions. In Fig. 4C, the DAPI image from the upper Scramble panel was reused as shEGFR in the lower panel. In addition, the DAPI image from the upper shEGFR panel was reused as Scramble in the lower panel.