Seasonal and species variation in raffinose, short-chain fructan, and long-chain fructan accumulation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) grown in Central Kentucky

Isabelle A. Kagan; Brittany E. Davis; Rachel R. Schendel

doi:10.1111/gfs.12633

Seasonal and species variation in raffinose, short-chain fructan, and long-chain fructan accumulation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) grown in Central Kentucky

Isabelle A. Kagan
, Brittany E. Davis
, Rachel R. Schendel

Animal and Food Sciences

Producción científica: Article › revisión exhaustiva

3 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

Fructans in cool-season grasses may have some negative effects on equine health. However, they may have positive effects on ruminant performance, and fructans of different lengths appear to be metabolized differently in the rumen. Hence, seasonal variation in fructan concentrations may impact equine and ruminant performance. Long-chain fructan with degree of polymerization (DP) > 8, short-chain fructan (DP 4 to 8), raffinose, and three fructan trisaccharides were profiled and quantified in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivar ‘Clair’ and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivar ‘Cajun II’ harvested in April, June, August, and October of two consecutive years in central Kentucky. Harvest year influenced concentrations of long-chain fructan (p =.0017). Harvest date influenced species differences in raffinose (p =.0035), which was most abundant in timothy in June, and in 1-kestose and neokestose (p <.0001), which were most abundant in tall fescue in April. Harvest date influenced species differences in short- and long-chain fructan (p <.0001). Tall fescue had two- to three-fold more short-chain fructan than timothy in April, August, and October. Timothy had two- to five-fold more long-chain fructan than tall fescue in April, June, and October. Species choice and weather patterns may have contributed to relatively low concentrations of all the carbohydrates measured in this study. Fermentation or feeding studies could help to determine if the concentrations present could affect equine health or ruminant performance.

Idioma original	English
Páginas (desde-hasta)	536-546
Número de páginas	11
Publicación	Grass and Forage Science
Volumen	78
N.º	4
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12633
Estado	Published - dic 2023

Nota bibliográfica

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.

Financiación

We thank Brenda Coe, Tracy Hamilton, and Jacob Ibarra (USDA-ARS), as well as Glenna Joyce, Sophia Newhuis, and Yen-Chang Tseng (University of Kentucky Department of Animal and Food Sciences) for technical and field assistance. We also thank Gene Olson, University of Kentucky Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, for planting and maintaining the field plots, and the Soil Physics Lab, University of Kentucky Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, for providing weather data. In addition, we thank Dr. P.A. Harrison (retired from the USDA-ARS Forage and Range Research Laboratory) for fructan standards, and Beneo Inc. for inulin standards. This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, as part of National Program 215, Grass, Forage, and Rangeland Agroecosystems (project number 5042-21000-004-000D). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We thank Brenda Coe, Tracy Hamilton, and Jacob Ibarra (USDA‐ARS), as well as Glenna Joyce, Sophia Newhuis, and Yen‐Chang Tseng (University of Kentucky Department of Animal and Food Sciences) for technical and field assistance. We also thank Gene Olson, University of Kentucky Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, for planting and maintaining the field plots, and the Soil Physics Lab, University of Kentucky Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, for providing weather data. In addition, we thank Dr. P.A. Harrison (retired from the USDA‐ARS Forage and Range Research Laboratory) for fructan standards, and Beneo Inc. for inulin standards. This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, as part of National Program 215, Grass, Forage, and Rangeland Agroecosystems (project number 5042‐21000‐004‐000D). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Financiadores	Número del financiador
Rangeland Agroecosystems	5042‐21000‐004‐000D
Soil Physics Lab
University of Kentucky Department of Animal and Food Sciences
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky
U.S. Department of Agriculture
USDA-Agricultural Research Service

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Agronomy and Crop Science
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

Acceder al documento

10.1111/gfs.12633

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title = "Seasonal and species variation in raffinose, short-chain fructan, and long-chain fructan accumulation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) grown in Central Kentucky",

abstract = "Fructans in cool-season grasses may have some negative effects on equine health. However, they may have positive effects on ruminant performance, and fructans of different lengths appear to be metabolized differently in the rumen. Hence, seasonal variation in fructan concentrations may impact equine and ruminant performance. Long-chain fructan with degree of polymerization (DP) > 8, short-chain fructan (DP 4 to 8), raffinose, and three fructan trisaccharides were profiled and quantified in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivar {\textquoteleft}Clair{\textquoteright} and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivar {\textquoteleft}Cajun II{\textquoteright} harvested in April, June, August, and October of two consecutive years in central Kentucky. Harvest year influenced concentrations of long-chain fructan (p =.0017). Harvest date influenced species differences in raffinose (p =.0035), which was most abundant in timothy in June, and in 1-kestose and neokestose (p <.0001), which were most abundant in tall fescue in April. Harvest date influenced species differences in short- and long-chain fructan (p <.0001). Tall fescue had two- to three-fold more short-chain fructan than timothy in April, August, and October. Timothy had two- to five-fold more long-chain fructan than tall fescue in April, June, and October. Species choice and weather patterns may have contributed to relatively low concentrations of all the carbohydrates measured in this study. Fermentation or feeding studies could help to determine if the concentrations present could affect equine health or ruminant performance.",

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Seasonal and species variation in raffinose, short-chain fructan, and long-chain fructan accumulation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) grown in Central Kentucky. / Kagan, Isabelle A.; Davis, Brittany E.; Schendel, Rachel R.
En: Grass and Forage Science, Vol. 78, N.º 4, 12.2023, p. 536-546.

Producción científica: Article › revisión exhaustiva

TY - JOUR

T1 - Seasonal and species variation in raffinose, short-chain fructan, and long-chain fructan accumulation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) grown in Central Kentucky

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AU - Schendel, Rachel R.

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N2 - Fructans in cool-season grasses may have some negative effects on equine health. However, they may have positive effects on ruminant performance, and fructans of different lengths appear to be metabolized differently in the rumen. Hence, seasonal variation in fructan concentrations may impact equine and ruminant performance. Long-chain fructan with degree of polymerization (DP) > 8, short-chain fructan (DP 4 to 8), raffinose, and three fructan trisaccharides were profiled and quantified in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivar ‘Clair’ and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivar ‘Cajun II’ harvested in April, June, August, and October of two consecutive years in central Kentucky. Harvest year influenced concentrations of long-chain fructan (p =.0017). Harvest date influenced species differences in raffinose (p =.0035), which was most abundant in timothy in June, and in 1-kestose and neokestose (p <.0001), which were most abundant in tall fescue in April. Harvest date influenced species differences in short- and long-chain fructan (p <.0001). Tall fescue had two- to three-fold more short-chain fructan than timothy in April, August, and October. Timothy had two- to five-fold more long-chain fructan than tall fescue in April, June, and October. Species choice and weather patterns may have contributed to relatively low concentrations of all the carbohydrates measured in this study. Fermentation or feeding studies could help to determine if the concentrations present could affect equine health or ruminant performance.

AB - Fructans in cool-season grasses may have some negative effects on equine health. However, they may have positive effects on ruminant performance, and fructans of different lengths appear to be metabolized differently in the rumen. Hence, seasonal variation in fructan concentrations may impact equine and ruminant performance. Long-chain fructan with degree of polymerization (DP) > 8, short-chain fructan (DP 4 to 8), raffinose, and three fructan trisaccharides were profiled and quantified in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) cultivar ‘Clair’ and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivar ‘Cajun II’ harvested in April, June, August, and October of two consecutive years in central Kentucky. Harvest year influenced concentrations of long-chain fructan (p =.0017). Harvest date influenced species differences in raffinose (p =.0035), which was most abundant in timothy in June, and in 1-kestose and neokestose (p <.0001), which were most abundant in tall fescue in April. Harvest date influenced species differences in short- and long-chain fructan (p <.0001). Tall fescue had two- to three-fold more short-chain fructan than timothy in April, August, and October. Timothy had two- to five-fold more long-chain fructan than tall fescue in April, June, and October. Species choice and weather patterns may have contributed to relatively low concentrations of all the carbohydrates measured in this study. Fermentation or feeding studies could help to determine if the concentrations present could affect equine health or ruminant performance.

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KW - tall fescue

KW - timothy

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