The superior tibiofibular joint: The forgotten joint

Injury to the superior tibiofibular joint is a relatively uncommon occurrence resulting from direct or indirect trauma. Severity of injury may range from a simple sprain to a complete dislocation. Differential diagnosis is vital in order to rule out other lateral knee pathology if one is to provide adequate treatment. Sprains of this joint are normally treated by antinflammatory drugs and compressive dressings. Subluxation of the joint is nearly always successfully treated by closed reduction and immobilization. Surgical intervention is only undertaken when chronic problems or neurological symptoms exist. Although the functions of the superior tibiofibular joint are somewhat in question, it appears to be involved in the dissipation of torsional, compressive, and tensile forces applied to the fibula. These forces are transmitted through the tibia as well as through the fibula during ankle motion and weight bearing. The clinical importance of this joint is that it must be included as a differential diagnosis of lateral knee pain.