Towards high cycle efficiency of si based negative electrodes for next generation lithium ion batteries

1. In-situ electrochemical characterization can monitor electrode behaviors and provide direct evidence about the failure particularly under different SoC. 2. Stabilizing SEI layer, particularly on Si, is critical for improving the cycle efficiency and extending battery life. 3. Tailoring the nanostructure and architecture to control stress/strain distribution in Si base active materials can sufficiently mitigate the mechanical degradation. The volumetric energy density could be compromised. 4. To maintain the electrode integrity can further extend the battery life.